Exam 1 (F&E and Diuretics)

F & E

100

maintain function of blood pressure, blood volume, and pH balance

What is sodiums main function?

200

thirst

bone pain

constipation

CNS deterioration

What is signs of hypercalcemia?

300

tachycardia

v fib

increased DTR

increased BP

trousseau sign and chvostek sign 

What is signs of hypomagnesemia? 

400

excessive thirst

CNS deterioration

flush red warm skin 

edema

What is signs of hypernatremia?

500

decreased T waves

decreased ST waves

prominent U waves

prolonged PR 

What is ECG for hypokalemia?

F&E

100

1.8-3.0 

What is magnesium normal range?

200

controls heart and deep tendon reflexes (law and order in muscles)

What is magnesium main function?

300

2.5-4.5

What is the normal range of phosphorus?

400

seizures/coma

tachycardia

CNS deterioration

What is signs of hyponatremia?

500

vfib

hypotension

bradycardia

CNS changes

ECG: increased T waves and wide QRS

What is signs of hyperkalemia?

F&E

100

3.5-5

what is normal range for potassium?

200

muscle weakness

hypotension

CNS deterioration

platelet dysfunction 

what is hypophosphatemia?

300

bradycardia

hypotension

deep shallow RR

Depression of CNS

What is hypermagnesemia? 

400

hypotension

tetany

ECG: 

short ST and QR intervals

What is hyperphosphatemia?

500

increased HCT

increased BUN 

increased urine specific gravity

tachycardia

hypotension

dizziness

What is signs of hypovolemia?

Diuretics

100

amiloride

eplerenone

spironolactone

triamterene 

What is potassium sparing drugs

200

used with other diuretics to help reserve sodium bicarbonate that may be lost with diuretics

What is carbonic anhydrase inhibitors MOA?

300

bumetanide

furosemide

torsemide

ethacrynic 

What is loop diuretics?

400

hypokalemia

volume depletion

hypotension

dizziness

GI upset

hyperglycemia

what is side effects of loop diuretic?

500

contraindicated in pt with renal disease and anuria from severe renal disease, pulmonary congestion, intracranial bleeding, hydration, and HF

what is drug-drug interactions for osmotic?

Diuretics

100

acetazolamide

methazolamide 

dichlorphenamide

what is carbonic anhydrase inhibitors?

200

GI upset

hypokalemia

hypercalcemia

hypotension

what is side effects of thiazide/thiazide like drugs?

300

GI Upset

urinary frequency 

What is carbonic anhydrase inhibitors side effects?

400

sudden drop in fluid levels

N/V

hypotension

light headedness

confusion

headache

shock

what is side effects of osmotic use?

500

hyperkalemia

what is side effect of potassium sparing?