Common Sense
What situations will Common Sense help us navigate?
What is: concrete, everyday situations.
What is the goal of a theory?
Understanding.
A behavioral scientist takes this approach to communication
The Objective Approach
What does it mean when an Interpretive Theory reforms society?
People will rethink their values/norms and makes the world a better place.
The meaning is in ______, not in _______.
The meaning is in people, not in the words themselves.
What are the 2 defining features of common sense?
What are: Practicality and Dealing with Concrete Situations.
What does Judee Burgoon call a theory?
"A set of systematic, informed hunches about the way things work."
The Universal Law states:
"Most of the People, Most of the Time."
What part of a scientific theory must be testable?
The Hypothesis.
What are the 3 components of meaning?
1. A Sign (smoke = fire)
2. A Symbol (created to represent something not present)
3. The Context (where the sender and receiver come from/their background)
What are the 3 errors of common sense?
1. Flawed model of individual behavior
2. Flawed model of collective behavior
3. We learn less from history than we think
Which theory metaphor best fits this scenario:
"Maria's theory shows her a path of where she starts and where the theory should lead."
What is: A Map Metaphor
What does a Rhetorician do?
Studies symbols and their interpretations, assuming that multiple truths or meanings are possible.
Matthew manipulates two variables in his study to see how they change the outcome. What kind of Objective Research Method is he using?
An Experiment.
The dictionary word for something is called the ______ Meaning, whereas the personal meaning you give to the same thing is called the _______ Meaning
1. Denotative Meaning
2. Connotative Meaning
What is a synonym for common sense?
What is: Folk Knowledge or Practical Knowledge
Which approach to communication are the following:
1. Linear (Aristotle-1940s)
2. Linear with Feedback (1940s-1970s)
3. Non-Linear (1970s-Present)
1. Action
2. Reaction
3. Transaction
What is the difference between Determinism and Free Will?
Determinism: Human choice is minimal and assumes the behavior is caused by heredity and the environment.
Free Will: Every act is voluntary and our behavior is attributed to personal intent.
Ethnography.
What are the 3 parts of the Semantic Triangle?
1. The Word (C-A-T)
2. The Thought (what we think of when we see "Cat")
3. The Referent (the actual thing being referenced)
To what extent is common sense common? (Hint: Tacit Knowledge)
To the extent that people share common social and cultural experiences.
Tacit: Knowledge that is encoded in social norms, customs, and practices of the world.
What are the 6 parts of communication according to Frank Dance?
The Message
Text
Creation of Messages
Interpretation of Messages
A Relational Process
Elicit a Response
What is an interpretive guide?
The understanding of something as it is, in that particular moment.
Name the 5 Aspects of Each Theory
Scientific: 1. Explanation of the data; 2. Prediction of the future; 3. Testable hypothesis; 4. Relative simplicity; 5. Practical utility.
Interpretive: 1. New understanding of people; 2. Clarification of values; 3. A community of agreement; 4. Aesthetic appeal; 5. Reform of society.
What is sorting things into categories, terms, and objects using language (sorting from abstract to concrete) called?
The Ladder of Abstraction