The Constitution
The legislative branch is bicameral, which means this.
What is that there are two chambers of Congress (the House and the Senate)?
These are the three activities members of Congress engage in pursuit of reelection, according to Mayhew?
What is 1) advertising, 2) position taking, 3) credit claiming?
What are 1) geographic, 2) reelection, 3) primary, 4) personal?
Barack Obama's DACA program is an example of this type of presidential action.
What is an executive order?
The Republican Party choosing the Speaker of the House is an example of this type of collective dilemma.
What is a coordination problem?
According to the Constitution, these are the steps that must happen for a bill to become a law.
What is 1) pass both chambers of Congress and 2) be signed by the president?
Members of Congress running for reelection have an electoral advantage through their position as existing members of Congress. In political science terms, that is called this.
What is the incumbency advantage?
A representative from a farming district who personally favors stronger environmental regulations, but votes against them because most of her constituents oppose the policy is an example of this type of representation.
What is delegate representation?
When the president negotiates executive agreements, he is operating in his capacity as this role.
What is chief diplomat?
This type of representation can be described as a one-to-one relationship with an individual legislator.
The Framers gave Congress the power of the purse, the power to declare war, and included the Necessary and Proper clause to achieve this goal.
What is creating a strong legislature?
Running for Congress requires a lot of money, but that's not it. These are three examples of costs for candidates incur when running a campaign.
What is 1) campaign staff, 2) campaign events, 3) media scrutiny (other answers accepted)?
These three elements make up a member of Congress' home style.
What are 1) allocation of resources, 2) presentation of self, and 3) explanation of Washington activity?
This is the main point of Federalist #70.
What is that "energy in the executive" is necessary for effective governance (and advocating for a unitary president)?
What is party soldier to policy specialist?
When the Constitution was ratified, this was the method for choosing U.S. Senators.
What is election by state legislatures?
According to political scientists, the increased success of inexperienced candidates may be attributed to this.
What is 1) campaign finance changes 2) acceptance of anti-establishment rhetoric (+ more)?
Members of Congress engage in lots of legislative activities. The specific combination of activities they undertake can often be sorted into one of these 5 hill styles.
What are 1) district advocates, 2) party soldiers, 3) party builders, 4) policy specialists, and 5) ambitious entrepreneurs?
What is the Green Lantern Theory of the Presidency?
According to Jacobson (2015), these two factors explain the decline of the incumbency advantage in Congress.
What are 1) increase in partisan loyalty and 2) nationalization of elections?
Following each national census, House seats are redistributed among the states through this process.
The baseline potential for a person to consider running for elected office is called this, according to Fox and Lawless (2005).
What is nascent ambition?
A MC such as Congressman A, who emphasizes his local identity and connects with constituents on a personal level while rarely articulating the issues has most likely developed this type of home style?
What is "person to person"?
These are 4 institutional checks on presidential power.
What are 1) elections, 2) veto override, 3) impeachment, 4) judicial review?
Members of Congress attempt to convey these three qualities through their presentation of self.
What are 1) qualification, 2) identification, and 3) empathy?