True/False
Biological males and females have the same average longevity.
False
Define intersectionality
Experiences that reflect combinations of race, ethnicity, gender, ability, or sexual orientation
In older adults, changes in ______ are associated with trouble regulating temperature and increased susceptibility to cuts and bruises.
skin
In terms of how long we will live, what is average longevity also known as?
average life expectancy
Define environmental psychology/ecology of aging
Field of study that seeks to understand relationship between older adults and the environments they inhabit
There are five biological theories as to why we age
False- there are 3:
1) metabolic- limited energy in a lifetime
2) cellular- Hayflick limit (limited number of times a cell can divide), cross-linking (tissue becomes stiffer with age), free radicals (reactive chemicals causing cellular damage)
3) genetic programming (cells might be pre-programmed to self-destruct)
What is tertiary aging?
rapid losses that occur shortly before death
What compounds may postpone the appearance of age-related diseases?
Antioxidants
Biological males
$3-5K/month or 83K (shared room) to approx 100K+ (private room) per year
Bio-thermal reduction processes can slow the process of aging.
False
A researcher is conducting a study on the acceptability of tattoos and piercings in the workplace. Survey responses showed that younger adults were more accepting of piercings and tattoos in the workplace. This is an example of a....
Cohort effect- differences caused by experiences and circumstances unique to the generation to which one belongs.
What is the leading cause of broken bones in older women?
Osteoporosis
Process where immune system can attack the body itself
Who is more likely to live in a nursing home- someone that has children or siblings close by, or someone that does not have children or siblings close by
does not have children or siblings close by
When thinking of research methods, using snowball sampling is the best approach to participant recruitment
False- variety of methods to recruit, best option can vary based on target population etc.
A research design that consists of two or more cross-sectional studies conducted at two or more times of measurement is known as a _____ research design.
cross-sequential- multiple cohorts are assessed at multiple time periods. Example: Assessing a 1970, 1980, and 1990 cohort in 2020, 2030, and 2040.
What are cataracts?
opaque spots that can develop on the lens and limit amount of light transmitted into the eye
50% of people with HIV are over age 50. Why might this be? (2 reasons)
Physiological changes (changes in immune system) and stereotype older adults are not sexually active (not offered testing as often as younger adults etc.)
What age group typically resides in a nursing home?
Over age 85
Only time of measurement and age effects can affect results of a research study.
False- age effects, time of measurement effects, cohort effects, and confounding variables
What are the four main factors in Baltes’ (2006) life-span perspective? Briefly describe each factor.
(1) Multidirectionality- we slow in some areas, but grow in others as we age. (2) Plasticity- skills are not set in stone; they can be improved or taught even in late life. (3) Historical context- we are shaped by the historical time and culture into which we were born. (4) Multiple causation- we are influenced by biological, psychological, sociocultural, and life-cycle forces.
Age-related hearing loss is referred to as _____.
Presbycusis
What is the role of stress in health and illness? (3 roles)
Impair immune system function, shorten telomeres, damaging influences from sympathetic nervous system (heart rate, blood flow, etc).
Define patronizing speech.
inappropriate speech used with older adults based on stereotypes of incompetence and dependence. Exp: increased volume, repetitions, close-ended questions, "baby talk"