Audience Analysis
The categories that audience members fall into based on their characteristics
What are demographics?
A 1-2 sentence phrase that includes a speaker's rhetorical purpose and encapsulates all that the speaker wants to say in their speech
What is a thesis statement?
Also known as a preparation outline, which type of outline should be in full sentences but have the lines of the speech arranged so as to demonstrate their relationship to each other
What is a working outline?
Stating a source's name, affiliation, and/or the year their statement was stated or published
What is verbally citing a source?
When it is of vital importance that the order of the words in a speech are stated correctly
What is when to use a manuscript instead of an outline?
Audience Size, Time, Mobility, and Location
What are the four situational characteristics?
Striking facts, Surprising statistics, Narratives, Questions (including Rhetorical Questions, and Quotes from Credible and/or Relatable Individuals stated at the very beginning of a speech
What are attention-getters?
This organizational pattern can be used when a speaker wants to discuss the similarities and differences of two things and/or claim that one thing is better or worse than another
What is a comparison pattern?
When a speaker shows an audience what they mean by physically doing it
What is demonstration?
The type of communication that describes volume, pitch, tone, speech rate, and hand gestures
What is nonverbal communication?
Beliefs, values, and experiences that you share with your listeners
What is common ground?
Introduction, Body with 2-3 Main Points, and Conclusion
What is the basic structure of a speech?
This is achieved when subpoints within a main point mirror each other in significance
What is coordination?
Telling an audience why you are qualified to address a topic
What is establishing credibility?
This is a form of nonverbal communication that often increases due to a speaker being nervous, especially at the beginning of a speech
What is speech rate?
Sympathetic, Hostile, and Neutral
What are audience dispositions?
To use these effectively, at the end of each section (except the Conclusion), a speaker must make reference to what came before and what will come next in their speech
What are transitions?
A speech about your experience so far in this class, arranged in order of what has happened in class each week, would have this organizational pattern
What is a chronological pattern?
Which technique of informing would a speaker use if they claimed: "God is love."
What is definition?
The study of the impact of the physical distance between people, such as a speaker and their audience members
What is proxemics?
Analyzing your audience “on the fly”
What is situational audience analysis?
Information intended to serve as backing for larger claims the speaker makes
What are supporting materials?
This may be included towards the end of a main point to remind the audience of what the speaker discussed when covering that main point
What is an internal summary?
Avoiding stating one's opinion about a topic or otherwise presenting information in a biased way
What is attempting to remain objective?
Making vowel and consonant sounds clear and distinct when speaking
What is articulation?