Abnormal Behavior in Historical Context
Operant Conditioning involves what behavioral principles?
Reinforcement and Punishment
What model is this:
Individuals inherit tendencies to express certain traits or behaviors which make them vulnerable to developing a disorder. This is added to stressful experiences, and the combination leads to the development of a disorder.
Diathesis-stress model
Types of interviews
Structured
Semi-structured
Unstructured
The extent to which the results of the study are due to the independent variable is which type of validity?
Internal Validity
Positive punishment adds a _________ to decrease the likelihood of a behavior?
Aversive stimulus
People with genetic tendency to put themselves in situations where they are more likely to experience a stressor and thus more likely to develop a disorder
Gene-environment correlation model
The DSM uses which approach, explain the approach?
Prototypical which combines categorical and dimensional views
____________refers to whether the results of a study are unlikely to have occurred by chance. In contrast, ____________refers to whether the differences or outcomes observed in a study are
Statistical significance, clinical significance
Negative punishment removes a ____________ to decrease the likelihood of a behavior.
Pleasant stimulus
What structures are included in the autonomic nervous system and what do they involve?
Sympathetic: activates body and controls the “fight or flight” response
Parasympathetic: calms body down, “rest and digest”
What are common psychological tests?
Projective tests
Personality inventories
Intelligence test
Associations are determined in which type of research?
Correlational Research
A syndrome is a collection of...
Signs and symptoms
What is the difference between equifinality vs. multifinality
Equifinality: several paths lead to one outcome
Multifinality: one path can lead to several outcomes
Comorbidity is...
two or more disorders for the same person, many disorders have high comorbidity
Causation is determined in which type of research?
Experimentation
Three main psychological traditions
Psychoanalytic
Humanistic
Behavioral
Genotype vs. Phenotype
Genotype: genetic make-up of an individual
Phenotype: the individual’s observable characteristics resulting from expressed genes
ABC’s of behavior
Antecedent, behavior, consequences
To ensure reliability, researchers carry out the same study in a different location. If they find similar results, the original findings are strengthened which is an example of?
Replication