The best known example of a ring species, this bird forms a ring surrounding the Tibetan Plateau.
What is the Siberian Greenish Warbler?
100
The term for small scale changes within a population, such as the evolution of soapberry bugs.
What is microevolution?
100
An irreducible (basal) cluster of organisms, diagnosable distinct from other such clusters, and within which there is a pattern of ancestry and descent.
What is the Phylogenetic Species Concept definition of species?
100
These are the 4 conditions necessary for natural selection to occur.
What are:
*Variation in traits within a population
*At least partial heritability of traits
*Greater success of some individuals than others
*Difference in success related to variation in traits
100
Coined by Mayr in 1963, this is the idea that speciation requires a radical reorganization of the genome and has been essentially de-bunked by many case studies.
What is "genetic revolution"?
200
The phenomenon in which the underlying anatomy of seemingly different physical structures in animals is similar due to descent from a common ancestor. An example is vertebrate forelimbs.
What is homology?
200
The genetic flaw related to the PMP-22 gene that provides evidence that we share a common ancestor with chimps and bonobos.
What are the CMT1A repeats?
200
The term for a group of taxa containing all known descendants of single, common ancestor.
What is a monophyletic group?
200
This natural event led to the decrease of small-beaked finch population in 1977.
What is a drought?
200
An example of this is in pea aphids, in which two populations have genes resulting in high fitness on one host and low fitness on the other.
What is a genetic trade-off?
300
The process that allows scientists to estimate the age of Earth. Meteorites have placed that estimate at 4.6 billion years.
What is radiometric dating?
300
The protein used in most mammals to convert acidic sugar from one form to another. It is an of a vestigial trait because, in humans, the gene sequence for this enzyme is disabled by a 92 base-pair deletion.
What is CMAH?
300
The theory which states that morphological similarity is the sole criterion for determining species and morphological differences play a secondary role in species formation as they are a by-product of genetic divergence, not the cause of it.
What is the Morphological Species Concept?
300
This is an episode of variation coupled with an episode of selection in one generation of a single population.
What is a unit of evolution?
300
A gene in threespine sticklebacks that is only expressed in the marine species, and is involved in expression of pelvic spines and pelvic girdle
What is Pitx1?
400
The lack of this organism in the human body may be responsible for Crohn’s disease.
What are parasitic worms.
400
The transitional fossil that provides evidence for the conclusion that birds are descendants of dinosaurs. It most likely represents a side branch in the evolutionary progression from dinosaurs to birds.
What is Archaeopteryx?
400
This is the term for morphological similar or nearly identical species that are reproductive isolated from one another due to divergent songs, calls, odors, or other traits.
What are cryptic, or sibling, species?
400
Operating constantly in every generation, this allows the maintenance of adaptation to an environment in a population.
What is natural selection?
400
A gene in threespine sticklebacks involved in expression of lateral bony plates. Alleles of reduced lateral plates occur at low frequencies in marine populations and likely were introduced into freshwater populations when initial colonization occurred.
What is the Eda gene?
500
The chances of this disorder are increased by the disruption of paternal interest and the uninhibited expression of maternal interest.
What is Schizophrenia?
500
The mark on a phylogenetic tree that denotes a point where one species split into two or more descendant species.
What are the nodes?
500
This concept cannot be applied to asexually reproducing species or fossils, or to allopatric species where highly divergent populations living in geographically different species.
What is the biological species concept?
500
This is the type of mutation involved in evolution that results in a condition that was not initially present (as opposed simple sorting).
What is sequential substitution?
500
Two types of freshwater threespine stickleback species that are closely related but show dramatic morphological differences.