Ch2: The Chemistry of Life
The three subatomic particles of an atom
What are protons, neutrons, and electrons?
This is the area in the open ocean where no photosynthesis takes place.
What is the aphotic zone?
There are two ways primary producers capture energy from non living sources and convert it into forms living cells can use. These processes are photosynthesis and
What is chemosynthesis?
A monomer is a basic building block of biological macromolecules. The monomer for proteins are known as:
What is known as amino acids?
Ions are charged particles that get their charge by losing or gaining electrons. The charge for a cation and anion are:
What is positive and negative?
Isotopes are a type of chemical element that differ in just this type of subatomic particle
What are neutrons?
This biome has moderate temperatures and rainfall and tress that shed their leaves.
What is temperate deciduous forest?
Photosynthesis uses sunlight as its form of energy to produce carbohydrates and sugar. Chemosynthesis on the other hand does not rely on sunlight, but uses chemical energy in the form of
What are inorganic molecules like hydrogen sulfide?
A monomer is a basic building block of biological macromolecules. The monomer for carbohydrates are known as:
What are monosaccharides?
In class we have gone over certain chemical bonds. Three in particular are important in biology: hydrogen, covalent, and ionic. List them in order of increasing strength.
What is hydrogen, ionic, and covalent?
Water molecules are attracted to each other through this specific type of bond.
What is hydrogen bonding?
Chemosynthesis usually occurs in the absence of sunlight. Where in the open ocean would this occur?
What is the Benthic zone?
The process in which water is evaporated from a plant’s leaves into the atmosphere is called:
What is transpiration?
DNA and RNA use specific nitrogenous bases when it comes to binding. What kind of nitrogenous bases are used in DNA and which are used in RNA?
What is A, C, G, and T for DNA and A, C, G, and U for RNA?
Lipids are organic compounds that are generally not soluble in water like fats, waxes, and oils. Which are considered the healthy lipids (fats)?
What are unsaturated fats?
In order for an enzyme to speed up the rate of a reaction, a substrate must bind to the enzyme and create a chemical change. At which site do the substrates bind?
What is the active site?
Freshwater wetlands are important marine ecosystems because they can:
What is purify water by filtering pollutants and prevent flooding?
The biogeochemical cycles take into account how matter and elements move about the ecosystem through different organisms, the atmosphere and Earth. Which elements are involved in these cycles?
Proteins are made up of many amino acids that are joined together by this specific bond.
What is a peptide bond?
A buffer is a solution that can resist drastic changes in pH (like a sudden drop and spike). Which is one buffer system that our body relies on and that we talked about in class?
What is the blood buffer system?
Hydrochloric acid is a very strong acid that is produced by the stomach in order to break down food and waste. The pH level for hydrochloric acid would fall in what range?
What is the 2-3 range?
When reading a climograph (climate diagram), the line on the graph shows:
What is average temperature?
What is 0.01%?
Carbohydrates are made up of monosaccharides (sugars). Glucose for example is a type of monosaccharide that our body uses on a daily basis. If you combine two glucoses you get a disaccharide (two sugars). The name of this disaccharide is called:
What is maltose?
A nucleotide is the building block for nucleic acids which are used in DNA and RNA. What are the three components that make up a nucleotide?
What is a 5 Carbon Sugar, a Nitrogenous base, and a phosphate group?