Chapter 1
Define "special population."
Special populations are individuals with chronic disease or disability as well as groups that differ from the overall population with regard to age (e.g., youth and the elderly) or specific conditions related to gender (e.g., female triad and pregnancy).
Special populations include those with specific conditions requiring training recommendations that differ from the general population.
Motivation includes 3 ideas; what are these 3 ideas?
Competence
Autonomy
Relatedness
What is the time frame to consider low back pain acute, subacute, and chronic?
Acute < 6 weeks
Sub-acute = 6-12 weeks
chronic = >12 weeks
List 3 of the 5 disorders of the skeletal system.
Osteoporosis
Osteopenia
Osteoarthritis
Joint disorders
Joint Replacements
In a website browser address bar, what does “www” stand for?
world wide web
What does a "palliative approach" mean?
emphasizes a treatment of the consequences of the disease, reflects a focus on quality of life
S: Specific
M: Measurable
A: Action oriented (or achievable)
R: Realistic (or relevant)
T: Time-bound (or timed)
Give an example of a direct cost and an indirect cost.
Direct: Medical expenses from diagnoses and treatment
Indirect: Inability to work and loss of productivity
What does DEXA stand for?
Dual-Energy X-ray Absorption - Scan
Some of our favorite collective nouns for animals include a congregation of alligators, a business of ferrets, an ostentation of peacocks and a gaggle of what other fowl?
Geese
List 3 "disease-reducing benefits" of exercise.
reduction of body weight (obesity)
decreased blood pressure (hypertension)
improved lipid profile (heart disease)
improved resting blood sugar levels (metabolic syndrome & diabetes)
Provide 4 reasons you would terminate a cardiovascular endurance test.
Client reports symptoms of angina.
Systolic blood pressure drops more than 10 mmHg from baseline with increasing work rate.
Extreme increase in blood pressure.
Systolic blood pressure >250
mmHg or diastolic blood pressure >115 mmHg.
Client experiences shortness of breath, wheezing, leg cramps, or other symptoms of claudication due to inadequate blood flow to the leg muscles.
Client experiences ataxia, dizziness, pallor, cyanosis, cold or clammy skin, nausea, or any other sign indicative of poor blood perfusion.
Heart rate fails to increase with increasing work rate.
Heart rhythm changes.
Client asks to stop the test.
Client exhibits physical or verbal indication of severe fatigue.
Testing equipment malfunctions
(Low back pain) Aerobic training should start with short bouts of up to _____ minutes per day, ______ times per week.
30 minutes, 3 times per week
__________is the gradual loss of muscle mass and strength as a result of age
Sarcopenia
What was the original purpose of the tiny pocket in jeans?
Obesity: diagnosed in _% of American adults and _% of children/adolescents aged 2 to 19.
33% & 17%
Provide 4 of the types/categories of common fitness tests.
Cardiovascular endurance assessments
Muscular strength assessments
Local muscular endurance assessments
Flexibility assessments
Anthropometric assessments
Neuromuscular assessments
Functional performance assessments
Assessments specific to clients
Hyperlordosis can be caused by 5 things listed on the slide. Provide 3 of these causes.
Cerebral palsy, muscular dystrophy, obesity, ostearthritis and pregnancy.
What is a T-score and what range does osteoporosis fall within?
A measured unit of bone mineral density, <-2.5
What is the national sport of Canada?
Lacrosse
List the 5 conditions that fall under "Female-specific Conditions."
Pregnancy
Postpartum
Female athlete triad
Menopausal
Postmenopausal
Vigorous-intensity exercise is seen at >____RPE on a 6 to 20 Borg Scale.
14
The general exercise guidelines for mild hyperkyphosis is....
Stretching the cervical and thoracic vertebral flexors. Strengthening the thoracic vertebral extensors.
Causes of OA are largely unknown, but include _____ trauma, excess ________, structural misalignment, and __________
This musician's real name is Robin Fenty
Rihanna