Psychological Foundations
What is the biopsychosocial model?
The study of how health is affected by the interaction of biological, psychological, and sociocultural factors.
True or False:
Depending on the study and what they are researching, you can conduct a study without IRB approval.
False.
All studies require IRB review and approval.
The hippocampus is essential for what functions?
Memory creation, learning, spatial navigation, etc.
Which psychologist developed the psychosexual theory of development?
Sigmund Freud.
What does "IRB" stand for?
The international review board.
Which psychologist developed the person-centered approach to psychotherapy?
Carl Rogers.
What type of research can determine causation?
Experimental research.
Which part of the brain helps control balance and coordination?
The cerebellum.
Which psychologist developed the hierarchy of needs?
Abraham Maslow.
True or False:
A calculation of a p-value of 0.09 is statistically significant.
False.
Only p-values < 0.05 are considered statistically significant.
True or False:
You only need a Bachelor’s degree to be able to practice as a clinical therapist.
False.
You need at least a Master’s degree (psychology, social work, counseling, etc.) to employ therapeutic practices, perform evaluations/assessments, and assign diagnoses. After obtaining a Master’s degree, you also typically need to pass a state exam to obtain licensure and earn certain hours of continuing education going forwards.
Your r value is -0.8. What can you conclude about the correlation between variables?
There is high negative correlation.
Which part of the nervous system controls functions like heart rate and breathing?
The autonomic nervous system.
Which psychologist developed operant conditioning?
B.F. Skinner.
DAILY DOUBLE
Define the term "antagonist."
A molecule that blocks or inhibits the effects of another neurotransmitter.
Name the five personality criteria from the Big Five personality test.
Openness, conscientiousness, extroversion, agreeableness, neuroticism.
What is a hypothesis?
A testable statement about the relationship between two or more variables.
Which lobe of the brain is primarily responsible for sight?
The occipital lobe.
Which psychologist established functionalism?
William James.
If you smell brownies and a signal is sent to your brain, which neural pathway is in use?
The olfactory pathway.
Briefly explain the ethical problems of Milgram's shock experiment.
Participants were deceived without giving informed consent, participants were inflicted with significant psychological trauma due to the belief that they were truly hurting other people, participants were also not debriefed after the experiment and made aware of the deception.
Where in a research paper can you find graphs, tables and raw data?
The results section.
Which two neurotransmitters are involved in both mood regulation and sleep?
Dopamine and serotonin.
Who was the first black woman to become a psychologist?
Inez Beverly Prosser.
Name one way to increase validity in an experimental research study.
Presence of a control group, having a large sample size, having a diverse sample, having a tightly controlled environment, etc.