Feeling nervous
Which nerve is commonly referred to as the funny bone?
Ulnar nerve
Which muscles are involved in external rotation of the arm
Teres minor, infraspinatus, posterior deltoid
What is normal range of motion for shoulder flexion
165-180
The median cubital vein joins which two veins
Cephalic and basilic
All parts of the pec major share which actions
Adduction and IR of the arm
All arm flexors are innervated by the _ nerve and all forearm extensors are innervated by the _ nerve
Musculocutaneous, radial
During forwards walking, which muscles contribute to arm swing?
Anterior and posterior deltoid
What grade would your patient receive if they are unable to move through full ROM against gravity, but achieve full ROM in a gravity eliminated position?
2
Describe how the circumflex humeral artery travels
Curves posteriorly around the lateral border of the scapula
Explain active insufficiency
Actin and myosin are completely overlapped, so little to no force production is possible
The radial nerve divides in what branches at which landmark?
Superficial and deep branches anterior to the lateral epicondyle
Your patient presents with scapular winging. You believe that this is most likely being caused by which muscle?
Serratus anterior
As you are assessing your patient's elbow ROM, you find that they are able to achieve 145 degrees of flexion. You also find that they unable to get to full extension, and sit at 10 degrees shy of full extension. How would you document this ROM?
10-145
Explain how collateral arteries work
They serve as a secondary network to deliver blood when the main artery becomes occluded (blocked)
Explain the moment arm tradeoff
The bigger the moment arm of a muscle, the more it has to shorten to move the hand the same distance
OR
The smaller the moment arm of a muscle, the less it has to shorten to move the hand the same distance
Smaller moment arm must produce more force for same torque
Explain why a lesion to the long thoracic nerve leads to scapular winging. Include muscle, actions, and landmarks if applicable
The long thoracic nerve innervates the serratus anterior, which helps to keep the medial border of the scapula fixed to the ribcage by externally rotating it.
Your patient presents with pain during upward rotation of the scapula on the R side. Palpation reveals tenderness along the medial border of the scapula superior to the spine. Which of the following is the origin of the muscle most likely involved?
Transverse processes of C1-C4 (Levator scapulae)
Explain a force couple
Two forces provided by different muscles , in different directions, that work together to cause a motion, usually spin
Name the 4 branches of the thoracoacromial artery
Pectoral, clavicular, deltoid, acromial
Draw and explain the force velocity curve, and give 2 statements that are ALWAYS true
Eccentric contractions will always be stronger than isometric, isometric will always be stronger than concentric
Draw the brachial plexus
correct drawing
Name 6 muscles that are innervated by C5
Pec major, serratus, subclavius, SITS, levator, rhomboids, teres major, deltoid, biceps, brachialis, coracobrachialis
Describe how an overactive deltoid can cause impingement (mention specific muscles involved in entire process)
An overactive deltoid pulls the humerus too far superior and limits subacromial space before the SITS muscles have a chance to pull the humerus into the glenoid cavity and slide it inferior
Draw the axillary artery and all of its branches
correct drawing
Describe why fusiform and pennate muscles are better at producing velocity and force, respectively
Fusiform muscles are able to contract to half their length, and no force is lost in the perpendicular direction.
Pennate muscles have more fibers, resulting in an overall higher force production