Chemistry Foundations
This particle has a positive charge and is found in the nucleus.
What is a proton?
The universal solvent in the body.
What is water?
The main energy storage molecule in the body.
What are carbohydrates?
Movement of molecules from high to low concentration.
What is diffusion?
The “powerhouse” of the cell.
What are mitochondria?
A substance formed when two or more different elements bond together.
What is a compound?
A solution that resists changes in pH.
What is a buffer?
These biomolecules make up cell membranes.
What are lipids?
Transport that requires ATP.
What is active transport?
Organelle that modifies and packages proteins.
What is the Golgi apparatus?
This type of bond involves sharing electrons.
What is a covalent bond?
This type of solution causes a cell to swell.
What is a hypotonic solution?
The building blocks of proteins.
What are amino acids?
Movement of large particles into the cell using vesicles.
What is endocytosis?
Organelle responsible for intracellular digestion.
What are lysosomes?
Atoms that gain or lose electrons become these charged particles.
What are ions?
This type of reaction builds larger molecules from smaller ones.
What is a synthesis reaction?
These molecules act as enzymes and control reactions in the bo
What are proteins?
The sodium-potassium pump is an example of this type of transport.
What is primary active transport?
Network that gives the cell shape and allows movement of materials.
What is the cytoskeleton?
Highly reactive molecules with unpaired electrons that can damage cells.
What are free radicals?
The movement of water across a selectively permeable membrane.
What is osmosis?
This process breaks polymers into monomers using water.
What is hydrolysis?
A highly selective process where molecules bind to receptors before entering the cell.
What is receptor-mediated endocytosis?
Organelle where ribosomes are produced.
What is the nucleolus?