Vs.
The problem that rule-based AI would have with a sign that says "No Vehicles Permitted in Park" is an example of this difference.
What is strict vs. exception permitting rules?
This thinker believes that displacement is a “design feature” of human language.
Who is Charles Hockett?
Considering a concept by the role that it plays and the roles it plays in other concepts, which all contribute to the content that the concept has.
What is the 'theory' theory of concepts?
This concept covers communicating about what’s not actual.
What is modal displacement?
“Computational tools meant to [at most] mimic specific aspects of human intelligence” vs. "AI that functions using cognitive states identical to, or at least closely resembling, those of humans.” (Moral AI, pp. 4-5).
What is weak vs. strong AI?
This thinker emphasizes the importance of encultured knowledge and the Socialness Thesis in evaluating whether an entity has human-like intelligence.
Who is H. M. Collins?
The issue of what makes our perceptions, thoughts, desires, words, sentences, drawings, photographs, etc. about things in the real world.
What is the symbol grounding problem?
When your concept of something depends on what you think the statistically common properties are.
What is the Prototype Theory of Concepts?
This mismatch between what is seen on the surface and what things really are helps us spot ethical mistakes.
What is appearance vs. reality?
Discussed the current inflexibility of AI and the increased resilience and plausible generalization resulting from allowing an entity to learn and explore through unguided play.
Who is Allison Gopnik?
Where annoying work is part of and important to expertise; doing the drudgery.
What is 'putting in the work' as a basic moral value?
Bob is a duck.
Some ducks can fly.
Bob can fly.
What is deductively invalid (and unsound)?
Maximizing the minimum; i.e., optimize the worst case vs. optimizing the expected outcome.
What is risk aversion vs. risk neutrality?
Believed that if you build something that can reason about symbols and figure out a correct answer, it is doing some mental stuff, even if it's just a strict, rule-based computer program manipulating symbols.
Who are Allen Newell and Herbert Simon?
This example illustrated a problem with the prototype theory of concepts, as a relationship existed within this example despite its subjects not having one shared common characteristic.
What is the 'family resemblance' example?
The Hein Held kitten experiment and what Samantha says on the double date with Theodore's boss illustrate how this influences thoughts and perception.
What is embodiment?
The 'multi-armed bandit' example illustrates this tradeoff problem.
What is explore vs. exploit?
Thought about what it would be like to have something that could make discoveries, maybe even make decisions that we couldn’t understand, and the value of studying and trying to learn from that something.
Who is Ted Chiang?
What is play vs. "completely random and noisy" behavior?
This example discussed how we need an agreement of judgment that has shared value of certain things when we think of our agreement in said example.
What is the 'my car is red' example?