Metabolic Predestination
This is the usable form of energy for a cell
ATP
The process by which cells take glucose and turn it into usable energy
Cellular respiration
This week
The shape of DNA
Double helix
Coils of DNA bundled up into organized structures
Chromosomes
These are the 2 parts of photosynthesis
Light dependent phase
Calvin cycle
When cells use glucose and oxygen to produce energy
Aerobic respiration
How much you should study for Exam 1
A lot
These are the building blocks of DNA
Nitrogenous base
Simple sugar
Phosphate group
These pairs are similar in size, shape, and the genes they carry
Homologous chromosomes
The stroma of the chloroplasts (the fluid filled area)
When cells produce energy without using oxygen
Anaerobic cellular respiration
The process by which molecules are broken down into smaller bits and energy is released
Catabolic process
The 4 nitrogenous bases found in DNA paired with their appropriate counterpart
Adenine - Thymine
Guanine - Cytosine
Groups of 3 mRNA nucleotides
Codon
In the light-dependent phase, energy from the sun is used to split H2O into oxygen, which is released into the atmosphere. The remaining Hydrogen ions and electrons are passed through the electron transport chain resulting in these molecules
ATP and NADPH
Aerobic cellular metabolism take 1 _____ molecule and produces 38 ____ molecules.
glucose, ATP
When organisms make compounds needed by the cells
Anabolism
The 3 step dogma of molecular biology (process of protein synthesis)
1) DNA replication
2) RNA transcription
3) Protein translation
Group of 3 tRNA nucleotides that bind to the mRNA, bringing a specific amino acid with it.
Anticodon
In the Calvin cycle, ____ diffuses into the cell binding to a 5-carbon sugar resulting in a 6-carbon molecule, which ultimately becomes G3P utilizing ATP and NADPH. This creates 1 molecule of _____ plus a 5-carbon sugar, which starts the cycle over again.
CO2, glucose
Anaerobic cellular respiration occurs when there is no oxygen. The cell goes through _______ until oxygen is available. In this process, pyruvate from glycolysis bonds to hydrogen creating _______ acid.
Fermentation, lactic
Anabolic process where cells combine amino acids
Protein synthesis
The 4 nitrogenous bases found in RNA paired with their appropriate counterpart
Adenine - Uracil
Guanine - Cytosine
3 differences of RNA when compared to DNA
1) Single stranded
2) Contains different sugar then DNA
3) Uracil replaces Thymine