Nature of Science
Using your 5 senses to gather information.
An explanation based on observations and prior knowledge.
What’s an observation?
What’s an inference?
Name the four properties of water.
1. Cohesive Behavior
2. Ability to Moderate Temperature
3. Expansion Upon Freezing
4. Versatility as Solvent (water= universal solvent)
Temperature
pH
Concentration
What 3 factors affects enzymes?
Carbohydrates
Lipids/fats
Proteins
Nucleic Acids
What are the 4 macromolecules?
Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen, and Phosphorous,
Nucleotides make up this macromolecule
What are Nucleic Acids/ DNA/ RNA?
Your television won’t turn on, and you speculate that a circuit breaker in the house has been tripped. In scientific terminology how would you describe this reasoning?
What is developing a hypothesis based on an observation?
Water has both positive and negative charges that creates hydrogen bonds.
What is polarity?
True or false Enzymes lower the activation of energy in a chemical reaction. Meaning they use less energy.
True
amino acids are the subunits (monomer) of this macromolecule
What are Proteins?
1. Separation of the strands
2. Bonding of the new nucleotides
3. Two identical DNA Molecules
What is DNA Replication?
Your oven won’t turn on, and you speculate that a circuit breaker in the house has tripped. In scientific terminology how would you describe this reasoning?
A. forming conclusions based on experimental results.
B. developing a hypothesis based on an observation.
C. developing an observation based on a hypothesis.
D. developing an observation based on a hypothesis.
B. developing a hypothesis based on an observation.
This property of water allows water to dissolve many substances because it is polar.
What is universal solvent/versatility as a solvent?
Enzymes speed up a chemical reactions because..
What are catalysts?
This element is found in all living things.
What is carbon?
The original DNA Strand is AAA TTA CGC GGA TGC
What is the complementary strand
TTT AAT GCG CCA ACG?
Until the 1500’s, doctors thought diseases were caused spontaneously. Scientist began proposing that diseases were caused by seed-like entities that could be passed among people. After the invention of the microscope, doctors came to know that many diseases were actually
caused my microscopic living organisms, like bacteria. What does this suggest about the nature of scientific knowledge?
A. Scientific knowledge should not be considered valid because it changes over time.
B. Technology has improved enough that scientific knowledge can stop changing.
C. New discoveries and evidence are more important than repeatable results.
D. Scientific knowledge changes overtime based on evidence.
D. Scientific knowledge changes overtime based on evidence.
This property of water is the attraction of the same molecules sticking together such as water sticking to a leaf.
What is cohesion?
Cohesive behavior allows small insects to walk on water because they don't break water's hydrogen bonds.
What is surface tension?
Which of the following solutions has the greatest concentration of hydrogen ions [H+]?
A. Water pH 7
B. Coke pH 2.7
C. Vinegar pH 3
D. Limewater pH 12
What is coke acidity?
All living things are made up of DNA. The sequence of DNA nucleotides makes all living things similar.
What is the universal code?
On September 2nd, 2015, strange blue lights appeared in the sky of Miami, Florida. Several
locals claim this is the result of aliens visiting, and some claim they saw a small aircraft at its
tip. Aliens have been claimed to have been spotted in Miami for centuries, but no one has ever
been able to prove it. Locals believe this picture will serve as proof of aliens visiting, and will
finally prove to the world that aliens are not only real, but are actively visiting Miami. Can this
be categorized as a scientific phenomenon?
A. This is non-science because it is a conspiracy theory.
B. This is non-science because aliens aren't real.
C. This is pseudoscience because it meets some criteria for scientific phenomena but not all.
D. This is science because it is observable and natural.
C. This is pseudoscience because it meets some criteria for scientific phenomena but not all.
This property of water allows for sold water (ice) to become less dense than liquid water unlike other substances.
What is Expansion Upon Freezing?
Oceans, lakes, rivers, and other large bodies of water stay cool in hot temperatures due to this property of water.
These two macromolecules provides structural support in cells?
Carbohydrates and proteins
Resistance to antibiotics results from variations in the genetic code of Streptococcus pneumoniae.
This type of molecule encodes genetic information in Streptococcus pneumoniae?
What is Nucleic Acid?