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Electrolytes
Electrolytes/Fluid Balance
Blood Infusion/IV Drug Push
Acidosis/Alkalosis
Miscellaneous
100
Which electrolyte has a normal blood serum value of 3.5 to 5.0?
Potassium
100
What is the normal blood serum range of Calcium?
9.0-10.5 mEq/dL
100
Within what range of time should a blood transfusion be given?
2-4 hours
100
What is the normal range of blood pH?
7.35-7.45
100
What does the acronym PICC stand for?
Peripherally Inserted Central Catheter
200
What is the normal blood serum level of magnesium?
1.3-2.1
200
Muscles must have which electrolyte in order to contract?
Calcium
200
What nursing assessment should be performed immediately before starting a blood transfusion?
Vital signs (including temperature).
200
What are the 4 types of pH imbalance?
Respiratory Acidosis Respiratory Alkalosis Metabolic Acidosis Metabolic Alkalosis
200
PICC line placement should result in the tip residing in the superior vena cava and is verified by what means?
Chest x-ray.
300
Which electrolyte imbalance, if severe, results in tetany, muscle spasms, and paresthesias (numbness and tingling around mouth, hands and feet)?
Calcium-Hypocalcemia
300
Which electrolyte is found in large quantities in the following foods: potatoes, avocados, cantaloupe?
Potassium
300
If signs of reaction occur with a blood transfusion, what is the first response the nurse should take?
Stop the infusion.
300
Hyperventilation results in what type of acid-base imbalance?
Respiratory Alkalosis
300
Seizures are a side effect of which electrolyte when is at an inadequate level (below normal)?
Magnesium
400
Which electrolyte, if elevated above normal, can lead to cardiac arrest?
Potassium, Magnesium
400
Lose of water and electrolytes due to the following risk factors leads to what type of fluid volume deficit: Vomiting, diarrhea, excessive sweating, polyuria, fever, nasogastric suctioning, abnormal drainage or wound losses?
Isotonic fluid volume deficit.
400
What are the 6 rights of medicine administration?
Right: patient, drug, dose, route, time and documentation.
400
The following can lead to what type of acid-base imbalance: vomiting, gastric suction, excessive use of potassium-losing diuretics, the use of antacids?
Metabolic Alkalosis
400
What are 2 complications associated with PICC line use?
Phlebitis, thrombophlebitis, CR-BSIs (catheter-related bloodstream infections.
500
Which electrolyte, if below normal blood serum value, can cause a positive response to Trousseau's and Chvostek's signs?
Calcium
500
The following are signs for what condition? Bounding pulse, increasing neck vein distention, presence of lung crackles, increasing peripheral edema, reduced urine output.
Fluid overload
500
Which electrolyte is NEVER to be given as an IV push?
Potassium
500
What type of acid-base imbalance is found with the following parameters: Arterial blood pH above 7.45 PaCO2 less than 35mmHg
Respiratory Alkalosis
500
At what volume does urinary output become a concern?
30 ml an hour or below.