Show:
Ch. 4
Ch. 6
Ch. 7
Pot Luck 1
Pot Luck 2
100
1. Research indicates that self-esteem can be altered by ________. For these procedures to work, the individual ________ of the procedures. a. respondent conditioning; must remain unaware b. observational learning; must remain unaware c. classical conditioning; may be either aware or unaware d. operant conditioning; may be aware e. observational learning; must remain aware
What is c. classical conditioning; may be either aware or unaware
100
9. The glass cliff experienced by women who break through the glass ceiling refers to ____. a. women being selected for leadership positions that are risky, precarious or when the outcome is more likely to result in failure. b. women being selected for a leadership position, negatively evaluated, and fired. c. men sexually harassing women who have more power than they do. d. women serving as figureheads while men continue to make all of the important decisions. e. women being selected for a leadership position only after a company has had a large financial success.
What is a. women being selected for leadership positions that are risky, precarious or when the outcome is more likely to result in failure.
100
18. The vast majority of the stereotypes based on appearance are mostly ________. a. inaccurate b. inaccurate for younger people but relatively accurate for older people c. accurate for men and women d. accurate for females e. accurate for males
What is a. inaccurate
100
6. Introspection is an effective means of understanding ourselves when the ________. a. individual is attempting to understand the reasons for his or her feelings about something important b. focus is on unconscious affective factors c. individual displays an introverted personality configuration d. individual is attempting to predict future feelings about something e. focus is on a conscious decision-making process
What is e. focus is on a conscious decision-making process
100
7. When we think of ourselves as members of specific social groups, we are thinking of our ________. a. sexual self-schema b. social-personal self c. personal self d. cultural self identity e. social identity
What is e. social identity
200
2. Recent research on prejudice suggests that attributing a negative personal outcome to prejudice may be protective of one's self-esteem if the prejudice is ________, while it may be harmful to one's overall sense of psychological well-being if the prejudice is ________. a. limited in duration; seen as being a fundamental part of the individual b. seen as pervasive; seen as being limited c. seen as being limited; seen as pervasive d. seen as being a fundamental part of the individual; limited in duration e. seen as being fundamental to the society at large; limited in duration
What is c. seen as being limited; seen as pervasive
200
10. After thinking about racial inequality in the U.S., White participants either wrote down disadvantages to Blacks due to their race, or wrote down advantages to Whites due to their race. ________ collective guilt was found in ________ condition(s). a. More; the "White advantages" b. Less; the "White advantages" c. More; the "Black disadvantages" d. The same amount of; the "Black disadvantages" e. The same amount of; both
What is a. More; the "White advantages"
200
19. Love in which one person falls in love and those feelings are not returned is called ___. a. unrequited love. b. companionate love. c. passionate love. d. consummate love. e. sexual love.
What is a. unrequited love.
200
8. Recent research (Dijksterhuis, 2004) has shown that subliminal presentations of "I" or "me" with positive trait terms such as "nice" or "smart" will ________ implicit self-esteem and prevent ________ when negative false feedback is given later. a. reduce; increases to self-esteem b. reduce; reductions to self-esteem c. increase; increases to self-esteem d. increase; reductions to self-esteem e. first increase, then reduce; all changes to self-esteem
What is d. increase; reductions to self-esteem
200
14. Jacob is a summer camp counselor director who has decided to group his campers into one of three groups; each of these groups will be situated in separate areas of the campground. What is the MOST likely outcome due to this situational context? a. The campers will develop a strong attachment to their own group and may grow to hold very negative views of the other groups. b. The campers will be equally likely to have friends in all three groups. c. The campers will become bored with their own group and, consequently, will seek out friends in the other two groups. d. The campers will be inclined to develop friendships with their own group only if the camp counselor director encourages them to do so. e. The campers will develop a strong attachment to their own group and will develop close friendships with members of the other groups.
What is a. The campers will develop a strong attachment to their own group and may grow to hold very negative views of the other groups.
300
3. Research on self-control has demonstrated that engaging in self-regulation _____. a. depletes our energy and provides us with limited ability to maintain self-control at a later time. b. is like a muscle so that the more we practice self-control the easier it becomes to self-regulate. c. increases our ability to accomplish future goals that require self-regulation. d. allows us to conserve energy for use on more important tasks. e. with regard to one task makes us more able to engage in self-control on an additional task.
What is b. is like a muscle so that the more we practice self-control the easier it becomes to self-regulate.
300
11. Many experts suggest that stereotypes can be changed when ________. a. the relationships between groups change b. the lower-status group points out the higher-status group's stereotypes c. one group willingly agrees to share power (and status) with the other group d. the higher-status group recognizes the negative effects of stereotypes e. stereotypes are shown to be inaccurate
What is a. the relationships between groups change
300
20. Karen and James are taking the same social psychology class. Karen happened to be standing next to James in the college post office when he received a letter from home that contained an unexpected $50.00. A short time later, James was asked to evaluate Karen as part of a class project. His evaluation of Karen is higher than it otherwise might have been because of the ________. a. similarity-dissimilarity effect b. power of proximity c. associated effect of emotions d. need for affiliation e. affect-attraction relationship
What is c. associated effect of emotions
300
16. Gender-based discrimination affects a substantial proportion of the population by ________. a. blocking women's progress in the workplace b. blocking men disproportionately from technical careers c. affecting women's status in the social world more generally d. increasing the level of marital discord e. having a subtle effect on religious participation
What is a. blocking women's progress in the workplace
300
15. Differential actions taken toward members of specific social groups are known as ________. a. discrimination b. minimal groups c. incidental feelings d. prejudices e. stereotypes
What is a. discrimination
400
4. Whether we wish it or not, Shakespeare admonishes that we are ________ on a stage, and that we're in the position of ________. a. merely players; presenting ourselves to an observing and potentially changing audience b. merely players; attempting to manipulate others in the service of our own ends c. mortal fools; avoiding the appearance of "cluelessness" on a daily basis d. insignificant specks; playing up our abilities to people less competent e. glorious headliners; adopting a posture of humility while attempting to get our needs met
What is a. merely players; presenting ourselves to an observing and potentially changing audience
400
12. When participants were presented with two equally qualified applicants, one male and one female, they were more likely to select the _____ candidate for a leadership position when the positions was _____. a. male; risky b. male; uncertain c. male; paid less d. female: paid more e. female; risky
What is e. female; risky
400
21. According to balance theory, nonbalance exists when ________. a. two people like each other and discover they are dissimilar in some way b. two people discover they are dissimilar in some way but neither like nor dislike each other c. one person likes the other and the other person dislikes the first d. two people dislike one another e. one person likes the other and the other person is neutral towards the first
What is d. two people dislike one another
400
17. When rating scales are used in the absence of objective measures, shifting standards may ________. a. mask stereotyping effects b. hinder efforts to minimize biases c. help raters avoid the effects of stereotypes d. reveal stereotyping effects e. help raters overcome unintentional biases
What is a. mask stereotyping effects
400
24. Research shows that attractive defendants are ___. a. more likely to be found guilty than unattractive defendants b. less likely to be found guilty than unattractive defendants c. more likely to be offered a plea bargain d. less likely to testify on their own behalf e. less likely to receive the death penalty once found guilty
What is b. less likely to be found guilty than unattractive defendants
500
5. The belief that we can achieve a particular goal through our own actions is known as ________. a. self-esteem b. self-efficacy c. delusional thinking d. hubris e. self-concept
What is b. self-efficacy
500
13. Some experts have suggested that different types of prejudice may arise because of different emotional responses to the target group. From this perspective, prejudice arising from guilt may result in behaviors that try to ________. a. avoid feelings of guilt and sympathy for the out-group b. harm the out-group directly c. protect the in-group's status position d. avoid contact with the out-group e. camouflage the prejudice to the extent possible
What is d. avoid contact with the out-group
500
22. Passionate love appears to involve an intense and often ________ emotional reaction to another person. a. unrealistic b. sexual c. uncontrollable d. unpredictable e. accidental
What is a. unrealistic
500
23. Mark was eating a wonderful dinner one evening when Jeannine came into the restaurant and sat down next to him while he was finishing this dinner. Later, Mark found that he was attracted to Jeannine. This situation illustrates the operation of a(n) ________ effect on attraction. a. mediated variable's b. an unintentional c. associated d. direct e. correlational
What is c. associated
500
25. Information about dissimilar attitudes and beliefs has ________ effect on attraction than does the same amount of information about similar attitudes. a. a slightly weaker b. a slightly stronger c. a very much weaker d. the same e. a very much stronger
What is b. a slightly stronger