RMP
after Ca2+ comes into the axon, it pushes vessicles filled with what out into the synaptic cleft?
Ach
always open, allows things free movement in/out of cell based on diffusion
leak channel
what muscle is voluntary, striated, and multi-nucleated
skeletal muscle
a bundle of muscles cells or fibers is called
fascicle
this way to make ATP includes oxygen
aerobic
What is the next step in altering RMP after Ach is in the synaptic cleft?
It opens ligand gated Na+ channels, allowing Na+ to flood into the cell
ligand binding to biding site causes channel to open, allowing molecule movement
ligand gated channel
Dense irregular connective tissue surrounding entire muscle
Epimysium
thick filament
myosin
anaerobic pathway gives us how much time of energy?
30-40 seconds
What leaves the cell to repolarize it?
K+
changing voltage inside cell causes shape change, opening channel for molecule movement
voltage-gated channel
during contraction, actin and myosin overlap (without changing their respective lengths is what?
sliding filament model of contraction
What muscle is involuntary; found in the walls of hollow visceral organs
smooth muscle
what is the name of the ways to create ATP that energy source is creatine phosphate. It gives us 1 ATP, that provides us 15 seconds energy.
Direct phosphorylation
What number does the cell have to get to to be considered at threshold?
-55mV
what does voltage gated channel do at the presynaptic axon terminal that causes vesicles with NT move down to its end?
Ca++ ions entry
What 4 steps must occur for skeletal muscles to contract?
1 nerve stimulation
2. action potential
3. action potential must be propagated along sarcolemma
4. ICF Ca+ levels must ride briefly
Why is ATP needed?
To establish RMP at sarcolemma
for detachment and recocking of myosin head
for SR to reabsorb Ca2+
if you want short duration, but high intensity workout, what pathway do you use to get energy?
anaerobic
What is the "cardinal rule" when talking about RMP?
the tendency for K+ to diffuse OUT of the cell
ACh binds with which cannel?
ligand gated channel
events that transmit the action potential along the sarcolemma are coupled to sliding of myofilament
excitation- contraction coupling
What are the 4 steps in the cross bridge cycle?
1. (cross bridge formation)myosin head attaches to actin
2. (power stroke) myosin head pivots and pulls filament
3. (cross bridge detachment) ATP attaches to myosin head causing detachment
4. (Cocking of myosin head) myosin head is cocked into a high energy state
What is the name of the ways to create 2 ATP that use glucose? This gives us 30-40 seconds of energy
Anaerobic pathway