Development
What percentage of the first 50 words are nouns and why are there so many?
60% are nouns
Nouns are morphologically simpler (not many form changes)
They play with objects a lot
Frequent use and modeling from adults
Which type of two-word combination is this?
No night-night (child doesn't want to go to bed)
Rejection
Examples of narratives include...
(Broad types, not specific narratives)
-Self-generated stories
-Retelling of movies
-Recounting of personal experiences
What does TTR stand for?
How do you calculate it?
Type-Token Ratio
# of different words divided by total # of words
Define GAP verbs and give an example
General All-Purpose verbs
Examples: Do, play, want, go
Give an example of Demonstrative + entity
Ex. That doggy (child points to the dog in the neighbor's yard)
What are the components of story grammar?
Setting, Initiating event, internal response, plan, attempt, and consequence
What does PPVT stand for?
What does it assess?
Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test
It assesses the receptive vocabulary of children and adults
Initial lexical growth is ____, but usually after 18 mos./achieving 50 words, vocabulary growth is _____
Slow, fast
What type of two-word utterance is this?
More milk (child wants more milk)
Recurrent + X
What are some red flags for late language emergence?
They have fewer than 50 words and no 2-word combos at 24 months
What is the name for questions based on the conversational partner's prior utterance?
(Can be used by young children as requests for clarification or to initiate/continue the conversation)
Contingent Queries
Once 1/2 of their utterances are two-word combinations
At what age are locational prepositions (in, on, under etc.) typically learned?
4 years
What are some differences between Expressive and Referential language styles?
Expressive - fewer nouns, more peer contact, top-down approach
Referential - labeling, lots of nouns, bottom-top approach, "type-A development"
What type of two-word combo is this?
Pretty puppy (the puppy is pretty)
Attribute + Entity
Explain Theory of Mind
Child gains awareness that people have independent lives, thoughts, feelings, and perspectives
This requires a lot of social interaction experiences to reach full maturity