Exam 2

CAT & OSA

100

The essential oil used in the article to reduce pain in burn patients.

Lavender essential oil

200

A complimentary alternative therapy that increases the risk of serotonin syndrome when taken with an SSRI.

St John's Wort

300

Lower than normal RR and depth.

Hypopnea

400

List three risk factors for OSA.

1. Older adults (>65)

2. Congenital variation of oral cavity

3. Obesity

4. Short neck

5. Smoking

6. Enlarged tonsils

7. Oropharyngeal edema

500

List three things to teach a patient who recently just got diagnosed with OSA needing CPAP overnight. 

1. Wear CPAP whenever in supine position.

2. Never share CPAP.

3. Clean CPAP daily

4. Do not use face creams to prevent poor seal

5. Fill humidifier with distilled water

6. Regularly check skin integrity 

ARDS & Intubation

100

Chest x-ray results of someone with ARDS.

White out

200

List some interventions to prevent VAP.

1. HOB >30 degrees

2. Pulmonary hygiene

3. Prevent aspiration

4. Oral care/ET tube suctioning

5. Ulcer prophylaxis

300

List s/s of ARDS in exudative phase, and interventions at that time

1. Tachypnea

2. Dyspnea

Interventions: position patient and provide oxygen.

400

List s/s of fibrosing alveolitis phase and interventions

1. Pulmonary hypertension

2. Fibrosis

3. reduced gas exchange = retaining CO2, and low O2

Interventions

1. Deliver adequate oxygen

2. Intubate if needed to support the lungs

3. Prevent further complications

500

Identify the results of this ABG:

pH: 7.03 (7.35-7.45)

CO2: 54 (35-45)

HCO3: 24 (22-26)

Uncompensated respiratory acidosis

Shock

100

Type of shock that includes sepsis and anaphylaxis

Distributive Shock

200

Describe compensatory stage of shock.

Body compensating, attempting to maintain perfusion

Decrease UO

Increase vasoconstriction

Decrease in pH

Increase in lactic acid

300

Medications that helps improve MAP/venous return by vasoconstriction.

Vasoconstrictors (vasopressin, norepinephrine)

400

Intervention for non-hemorrhagic hypovolemic shock.

FLUIDS

500

Describe the labs that indicates shock.

ABG

- Decrease pH

- O2 decreases

- CO2 increases

Lactate >4.0

Glucose: hyperglycemia

Elevated renal panel

H/H: decreases hemorrhagic hypovolemic shock, increases in non-hemorrhagic hypovolemic shock

Coag = similar to DIC

Shock/MODS

100

First line treatment in anaphylaxis

Epi-pen

200

the stage that MODS occurs in shock

Refractory stage

300

List three ways nurses can monitor perfusion 

1. Urine output

2. EKG

3. Arterial line

4. CVP
5. CPP

400

Define the parts of the sepsis bundle 

1. Blood cultures

2. Antibiotics

3. PIV

4. Fluid bolus 30ml/kg

500

List three s/s of shock

1. dizziness

2. hypotension

3. tachycardia

4. shallow/rapid breathing

5. diaphoretic

6. N/V

7. Cool/pale clammy skin

Thermoregulation (Heat) & DIC

100

Temperature that indicates heat stroke.

>104F

200

Define DIC.

Cascade clotting event that occurs with another event, that spurs simultaneous clotting and bleeding.

300

List three risk factors of heat exhaustion/stroke.

1. Hypothalamic injury (stroke, TBI)

2. Premature birth

3. Long surgery procedures

4. Traumatic injury

5. Autoimmune conditions

400

List interventions for DIC.

1. Transfuse blood (RBCs, plasma, platelets)

2. oxygenate

3. Heparin IV if needed

4. IV fluids

500

List lab values of DIC.

1. Low fibrinogen

2. Low clotting factors

3. Increase PT and PTT

4. Low platelets

5. Increase d dimer