Types of Learning
What causes permanent change in behavior?
Name the theorists who are associated with observational leaning, operant conditioning, and classical conditioning.
Who is Bandura, Skinner, and Pavlov?
The natural stimulus that elicits a response without a need for prior learning is a ...
What is an unconditioned stimulus (UCS)
What are the 2 types of consequences in operant conditioning?
What is reinforcement and punishment?
The process of learning associations between environmental events and behavioral responses.
The 3 basic types of learning
What is classical conditioning, operant conditioning, observational?
___ discovered __ types of reflexes.
(provide definition of examples)
What is Pavlov; 2-
Inborn- unlearned and permanent, occurs regardless of experience.
Conditioned reflex- acquired through experience.
During conditioning, a neutral stimulus paired with an unconditioned stimulus results in a...
natural unconditioned response.
Reinforcement is to ____ behavior, as punishment is to ____ behavior.
Strengthen; Weaken
What is the gradual weakening of a conditioned behavior?
What is extinction?
Learning associated with stimuli triggering a reflexive, automatic response.
What is classical conditioning?
What type of leaning can occur in the absence of reinforcement?
What is observational learning?
The repeated pairing of a ___ stimulus and an ___ stimulus eventually produces a ___ stimulus. The ___ stimulus then leads to conditioned response.
neutral; unconditioned; conditioned. Conditioned.
Negative reinforcement ___ something from a situation to ___ a behavior.
removes; increase
A stimulus or event following a response that increases the likelihood of a repeated response.
What is reinforcement?
Active behaviors that operate on the environment to generate consequences refers to what type of learning?
What is operant conditioning?
What psychologist strengthened research related to taste aversions?
Who is John Garcia?
I ate Chipotle one afternoon and threw up. I later found out I threw up because I tested positive for the flu. However, I still can't seem to eat chipotle. What is this an example of?
What is taste aversion?
Is a spanking an example of a negative or positive punishment?
Positive punishment
The predisposition to form associations between stimuli and responses.
What is biological preparedness
What causes behavior to be strengthened if followed by a reinforcer or diminished if followed by a punisher.
Operant conditioning
What theorist believed voluntary behaviors are influenced by it's consequences?
Who is Edward Thorndike?
Responses followed by dissatisfying effects become weakened is an example of what learning principle?
Law of effect
An accidental response followed by an reinforcer elicits a...
Deliberate response
Passive behavior developed from exposure to inescapable and uncontrollable aversive events.
What is learned helplessness?