Water
Ion that caries a positive charge
What is cation
This is the most abundant mineral in the body, stored in the bones and teeth, and involved in muscle contractions and blood clotting.
What is Calcium
The pancreas uses this mineral to synthesize digestive enzymes
What is Zinc?
These proteins make up the proteins of the ETC and contain iron
What are cytochromes
This hormone is made by the pituitary gland to stimulate the kidneys to reabsorb water
What is Antidiuretic hormone?
The movement of water across a membrane toward the side where solutes are more concentrated
What is osmotic pressure
This is the 2nd most abundant mineral in the body. It is found in the structure of bones & teeth, necessary for energy metabolism and forms cell membranes
What is Phosphorus
This mineral regulates BMR and is needed for normal thyroid function
What is Iodine
What is hemosiderin?
These 2 organs are vital for maintaining acid-base balance
Peptide made in the liver and is a precursor to angiotensin I
What is Angiotensinogen
This mineral is essential in digestion as it helps synthesize acid in the stomach
What is Chloride
Agent that is used to aid in the excretion of lead and heavy metals from the body
What are Chelations
Characterized by small, pale red blood cells
What is Microcytic anemia
Hydroxyapatite is made up of these 2 minerals
What is Calcium and Phosphorus
Another name for fluids in between the cell
What is Interstitial fluid
This mineral is abundant in fruits and vegetables and is responsible for maintaining normal fluid and electrolyte balance, maintaining cell integrity, and is associated with lower blood pressure.
What is Potassium
A sulfur rich protein that binds and transports zinc in the body
What is metallothionein
A peptide released during the digestion of meat that enhances nonheme iron absorption
What is MFP factor?
This hormone is made in the adrenal glands and is responsible for increasing sodium and chloride retention by the kidneys
What is aldosterone
The pH of a fluid is determined by
What are hydrogen ions
High Concentration = Acidic
Low Concentration = Basic
High intakes of this mineral is associated with low bone mineral density and HTN
What is Sodium
Excessive zinc intake can cause deficiencies of these two minerals
What is iron and copper
Transporter of iron
These bone cells build bone tissue
What are Osteoblasts
Normal pH of Blood
What is 7.35-7.45
This mineral is found in chlorophyll and acts as an antagonist to calcium as it relaxes muscles
What is magnesium
This mineral is essential in the formation of insulin
This form of iron's bioavailabiliy increases with vitamin C intake at the same time
What is non-heme iron
Thyroid gland releases this hormone when blood calcium levels are high
What is Calcitonin