ch. 3
Proteins are processed and modified in the interior of the
rough endoplasmic reticulum
The plasma membrane is composed of
phospholipids and proteins
Describe the second law of thermodynamics
Energy cannot be changed from one form to another without a loss of usable energy
Which molecules are the reactants or substrates for aerobic respiration?
oxygen and glucose
Solar energy is captured by
pigments
In order to digest materials within a cell, the material to be digested must fuse with
a lysosome
If 0.9% NaCl were isotonic to a cell, then 1.0% would be
hypertonic
ATP contains
an adenine base, a ribose sugar, and three phosphate groups
What role does NAD+ play in cellular respiration?
It is a coenzyme
Water is split and oxygen is released in
the noncyclic electron pathway
This organelle absorbs and converts oxygen while releasing CO2 and water?
mitochondria
If you have a 10% sugar solution and a 35% sugar solution, how does the 10%
solution compare to the 35% solution?
hypotonic
Enzymes are specific. This means that they
have a particular substrate
Where does glycolysis take place within the cell?
cytoplasm
The Calvin cycle reactions are dependent upon a supply of
carbon dioxide, NADPH, and ATP
A flagellum is able to bend due to being made of ______________ that can bend by
sliding past one another under the influence of the motor protein _____________.
microtubules/dynein
Which of the following refers to materials only leaving the cell?
A. diffusion
B. exocytosis
C. endocytosis
D. phagocytosis
B
The function of an enzyme is to
increase the rate of a metabolic reaction
Muscles undergo fermentation when
no oxygen is available
What are the two sets of reactions for photosynthesis?
light reactions, Calvin cycle reactions
The innermost membrane of the chloroplast is referred to as the
thylakoid membrane
Give me a biological description of insulin and it's impact on glucose
any
If A -> B -> C -> D -> E represents a metabolic pathway, then letter E would be
a product
Which molecules donate electrons to the electron transport chain of respiration?
NADH and FAD
The light reactions could be viewed as analogous to a hydro-electric dam. In that case, the water stored in the reservoir above the dam would be analogous to…
hydrogen ions (protons)