Early China, Confucianism, Taosim
Also known as Confucius.
Who is K'ung Fu-tzu?
School of Chinese Buddhism. Name comes from a Buddhist text translated into Chinese. Respected other Buddhist paths and the goal was to reach the "heaven realm," a place.
What is Pure Land?
(Not on the Exam) Collection of early myths and stories about the origin of Japan and the creation of the kami. Primary text in Shinto.
What is the Kojiki?
Name for the period of Japanese history when 5 schools of Buddhism were developed. Name also encompasses: Pure Land, Zen, and Nichiren. Founders were previously all Tendai monks.
What is Kamakura?
Deities, royalty, kahunas, and some others are seen to have this, a special power manifested physically as political or religious authority or as a special form of knowledge.
Turtle shells were commonly used. Used in Ancient China to predict and give answers. They would have writing on them and be burnt, the cracks would be read by shamans during divination ceremonies.
What are oracle bones?
Spiritual Head of Tibet (10th), Predecessor to Dalai Lama of Tibetan Buddhism
Who is the Panchen Lama?
Japanese female shamans, many of whom have been women, They act as mediums between people and the spirit world.
What is a Miko?
Period in Japanese history where Shinto became the state religion.
What is the Meiji period?
Sacred object, could be an animal. can represent a family god or greater deity (ex: Pele). Example: if a shark represents the family god, then a shark's tooth could be a totem.
What is a totem?
A person ready for enlightenment who chooses not to be enlightened in order to help others.
What is a Bodhisattva?
Religious movement that began in the 1990s. Combined Buddhist and Daoist teachings. Persecuted heavily by the Chinese government.
Who are the Falun Gong?
“Life Force,” also can be a deity in Shinto, each clan had one. It is the spirit in anything that grows. Western equivalent of a soul. Amaterasu is one of these..
What is a Kami?
2 major schools: Rinzai and Soto.
Rinzai had close ties with the imperial elite and samurai; de-emphasized scripture. Use of Koan.
Soto refused imperial favor and accepted scripture. Also included silent sitting and haikus.
Describes rituals, places, and people that should be avoided or respected because they are sacred. Example: Avoiding walking over a burial site or staying out of the shadow of a chief or elder.
What is Kapu?
Roughly translates to the "way," originally stemming from the Dao De Ching, an ancient philosophy book.
What is the "Dao"?
Founder of Ch'an meditation, he has an enlightenment story of staring at the wall and not moving that his arms and legs fell off. Was thought to be dead and then hit on the head with a stick and became enlightened.
Who is Bodhidharma?
Buddhist school based on the T’ien T’ai and the Lotus Sutra, where the founders of other major Buddhist sects in Japan learned. This was the origin of the Sohei (warrior monks). The major belief was that Buddhism was for everyone, not just monks.
What is Tendai?
The 5th founder of the major schools of Buddhism in Japan. Believed himself to be a manifestation of Bodhisattva. He had his own version of the Lotus Sutra and opposed all other Buddhist sects. Wanted to be both Shogun and Emperor, so the government exiled him.
Who is Nichiren?
What is an Aumakua?
1. set of texts that Confucius stressed as important for revering the past. Included poetry, history, and philosophy.
What are the 5 Classics?
Oldest of the 4 major schools of Tibetan Buddhism. First example of the fusion of Indian Buddhist texts with Tibetan Bon Shamanism. Founded by Padmasambhava.
What is the Nyingma-pa school?
Controlled her nephew, Prince Shotoku, who was responsible for the spread of Buddhism in Japan. Prince Shotoku sent Japanese monks to China to learn traditional Buddhist ways/ teachings, to bring back to Japan
Who is Empress Suiko?
Founder of Jodo-shinshu, he was a Tendai monk until he became Honen's primary disciple. He was then the first Japanese Buddhist monk to be married officially and later exiled for getting married. He married as a way to prove that you don't have to be a monk to practice and gain Amida's blessings.
Who is Shinran?
(not a vocabulary word): Mythic figure associated with cargo cults on the island of Tanna in Vanuatu.
Who is John Frum?