Volcanoes
Magma that has high amounts of silica (SiO2) has ________ viscosity
High
For this type of fault, the hanging wall moves down relative to the footwall
Normal fault
An erosional surface that lies between parallel layers of sedimentary rocks is called:
Disconformity
Explosive Eruption that is least explosive (also a delicious Italian food)
Strombolian
Transform boundary's generally have deep or shallow earthquakes?
Shallow
Basaltic magmas are distinguished by __________ temperatures
High
This kind of stress is crucial in the development of thrust faults
Compressive
Who helped to develop the principle of uniformitarianism?
James Hutton
Flux Melting happens due to what?
Addition of volatiles (water) to the upper mantle.
What boundary will often have both normal and strike slip faults?
Divergent (Mid-ocean Ridge)
Which process explains magma generation and volcanism along mid-ocean ridges?
Decompression melting
Following a major earthquake, tsunamis typically occur at this type of plate boundary:
Subduction Zone (convergent)
Archbishop Ussher studied _______ in order to determine the age of the Earth.
Biblical scriptures or genealogies
What is the largest shield volcano in the solar system?
Olympus Mons
Some secondary effects of earthquakes are (4)
Fire, Tsunami, Liquefaction, and Landslides
Which volcanoes are associated with subduction zone volcanism?
Stratovolcanoes
Deep-focus earthquake occur at which type of plate boundary?
Subduction zone (convergent)
An unconformity can occur in the rock record due to:
Erosion
The largest and most explosive eruptions are
Caldera forming events.
Stick slip motion describes
the start and stop motion of a fault due to friction
Which type of volcano and eruption are associated with basaltic magma?
Shield and Effusive
These seismic body waves arrive first to the seismic station:
P-waves
Based on the principle of cross-cutting relations, a fault that cuts across a sedimentary rock layer, would be considered _______ than the sedimentary rock layer.
Younger
Why do we have decompression melting of the mantle
The removing of pressure that confines the mantle allows the mantle to melt.
Elastic Rebound Theory describes
the elastic release of strain due to the stick slip motion.