Ch. 5
This process produces a net of 2 ATP, 6 NADH, 2 Fash, 4 CO
What is Krebs Cycle?
During this step in Binary Fission, a structure begins to form at the center of the cell. It is made of cell wall materials and gradually grows inward, dividing the cytoplasm and the two DNA molecules into two separate cells.
What is division septum?
These bonds connect the nucleic bases together
What is hydrogen bonds?
This technology involves combining DNA from different organisms to create new genetic combinations
What is recombinant DNA technology?
These types of bacteria can live in icebergs
What is psychotrophs/psychophiles?
What type of reaction is Glycolysis?
What is catabolic?
A microbiologist is trying to isolate a specific pathogen from a clinical sample, but the sample contains a mixture of normal flora and pathogenic organisms. What type of media should the microbiologist use to enhance the growth of the pathogen and why?
What is enrichment media?
This enzyme unwinds the DNA at the replication fork, creating 2-stranded templates that can be copied during DNA replication
What is helicase?
UV radiation can cause mutations in the DNA sequence. What type of agent could this be considered, and why?
What is mutagen?
Short segments of DNA synthesized on the lagging strand during DNA replication
What is Okazaki fragments?
By doing this, enzymes are able to successfully initiate catabolic & anabolic reactions
What is reduce activation energy?
A nurse is preparing to replace a patient's urinary catheter and notices a dark, slimy substance inside the catheter. The patient has had the catheter in place for several weeks due to chronic urinary retention. The nurse is concerned about the potential for infection.
What could be the cause of this substance inside the catheter, and why is this a concern for the patient's health?
What is biofilms?
This circular piece of DNA that exists independently of the chromosomal DNA in a cell. It often contains genes that can provide beneficial/harmful traits, such as antibiotic resistance, and can replicate independently within the cell.
What is plasmids?
Proteins that act like molecular scissors, cutting DNA at specific sequences known as recognition sites
What is restriction enzymes?
A technique used to detect specific DNA sequences within a complex DNA sample
What is a Southern blot test?
The process where cells amke ATP using a flow of protons across a membrane
What is Chemiosmosis?
These medias are designed to maintain an environment with little to no oxygen and to preserve microbial samples during transport without promoting growth, ensuring they are viable for testing
What are reducing/transport media?
T OR F: ATTGCGTA is complementary with TACGCAAT
What is true?
The collection of DNA fragments stored in vectors and preserved in a host organism
What is gene libraries?
This type of bacteria requires oxygen at lower concentrations to survive
What is Microaerophiles?
When an inhibitor binds to the enzyme at a site differant than the active site, changing the enzyme's shape & decreasing its activity
What is non-competitive inhibition?
A glass of water is contaminated with 5 Escherichia coli cells. The generation time is 30 minutes. An infectious dose of E. coli is 100 cells. What is the longest period of time it would take for the water to reach the infectious dose of E. coli?
What is 130 minutes or 2 hours, 10 minutes?
DNA replication --> Transcribed into RNA --> RNA translated into proteins
What is Central Dogma?
Artificially created in a lab by chemically assempling nucleotides into a specific sequence
What is synthetic DNA?
A culture of Staphylococcus aureus starts with 10 cells. The generation time of S. aureus is 45 minutes. How many cells will be present after 4 hours?
What is 401 cells?