Personal and Community Nutrition (G 1 & 2)
What are the difference between nonessential and essential nutrients (100 bonus point for naming the most essential nutrient)
Nonessential the body can produce and essential the body cannot produce.
Water is the most essential nutrient
What are the dietary advancements post NPO?
The nurse should begin patient with a clear liquid diet.
Which is bolded & largest on food lables?
Calories
What foods are high in oxalate?
Spinach, peanuts, rhubarb, Swiss chard, chocolate, sweet potatoes.
Minimum amount of water needed for survival, bonus 100 points, what is this amount in mL?
4 cups minimum (960 mL)
Recommended 9 cups women; 13 cups men
Which of the following is a risk factor of diabetes?
a. Working out regularly
b. Taking vitamins
c. Obesity
d. Anorexia
C. Obesity
What patients should be observed during meals?
Patient at risk of aspiration.
What does the % daily value tell you?
Reflects the amount of nutrient needed as general nutrition guidance, based on a 2000-kcal diet
What are some home management strategies to help prevent or manage malnutrition?
Eating fresh fruits and vegetables, understanding food labels and MyPlate, using case management or social services for meal delivery, and avoiding processed foods, boxed meals, non-fresh frozen foods, and canned foods high in sodium.
What is the purpose of omega 3-fatty acids?
lowers risk of heart disease by reducing risk of blood clots.
Which of the following is not a risk factor for metabolic syndrome?
a. Elevated Blood Pressure
b. Low HDL
c. High Triglycerides
d.Hypoglycemia
d. Hypoglycemia
Why should patients with kidney disease, avoid foods high in oxalate?
Oxalate foods combined with calcium and form kidney stones which worsen kidney functions.
serving size
calories
total fat
- saturated
- trans
cholesterol
sodium
carbs
- fiber
- total sugar
protein
What is a common physical sign of malnutrition?
Insufficient energy intake, weight loss, loss of muscle mass, loss of subcutaneous fat, localized or generalized fluid accumulation, diminished functional status, and poor wound healing.
Storage form of glucose in animals and humans. Stored in liver and muscles.
Glycogen
What nutritional tool measures how quickly food impacts blood glucose levels
Glycemic index
What does it mean when a patient is in a catabolic state, and why would a nurse monitor their nitrogen balance?
A catabolic statement means the body is breaking down protein faster than it is synthesizing it, leading to negative nitrogen balance. A nurse monitors nitrogen balance to ensure the patient has enough protein to heal and repair tissue.
Which nutrient must be listed in mg & is important for heart health
Sodium
What are calcium oxidase kidney stones?
The most common type of kidney stones, formed when calcium combines with oxalate in the urine.
How do you calculate the maximum heart rate for exercise?
200 - age or 208 - (0.7 x age)
Why do people feel full longer after eating a high fat meal
the gastric inhibitory peptide released in response to fats in the duodenum decreases peristalsis of stomach muscles
List the 4 leading diet-related causes of death:
- CHD (Coronary Heart Disease)
- Cancer
- CVA
- DM Type 2 ( Diabetes Mellitus Type 2)
What % daily values are considered high, what about low?
High: >20%
Low: <5%
Which of the following is a stroke risk factor?
a. Smoking
b.Hypertension
c. Gender / Ethnicity
d. All of the above
d. all of the above
This condition happens when insufficient carbohydrates are available, and the body must metabolize fat for energy. The liver converts fatty acids into these molecules
Ketones