Psychostimulants
Match the half life to the drug
1hr Meth
1.5hrs Cathinones
2.5hrs Cocaine
10-11hrs Cocaethylene
1hr: Cocaine
1.5hrs: Cathinones
2.5hrs: Cocaethylene
10-11hrs: Meth
Name the two minor stimulants
What are nicotine and caffeine?
The Rx stimulant that has a 3:1 ratio of d-amphetamine to l-amphetamine?
What is Adderall?
Name two substances that can cause seizures during withdrawal
What are GHB and Alcohol?
Define what a schedule 1 drug is and name two drugs that fit in this category
Drugs with the highest abuse liability with no medical usage.
Schedule 1 drugs listed in the text book: heroin, LSD, Cannabis
MDMA (Ecstasy) different from other psychostimulants? because...
Why does MDMA have hallucinogenic components?
Name at least 2 withdrawal symptoms of caffeine
What is Vyvanse
Barbiturates and benzodiazepines have positive allosteric modulators at the ________ receptor, with Barbiturates having a more potent affect.
What is the GABA-A receptor/
"A tactile hallucination described as feeling like insects or worms crawling under skin," defines what term?
This group of people are more likely to start using stimulants at a younger age, engage in binging tendencies, and develop dependance more quickly
Who are women?
Two metabolites of caffeine. One found in chocolate, the other found in tea. State the metabolite, and which of the two it is found in.
What is theophylline (tea)
What is theobromine (chocolate)
True or false: There is significant risk for those with ADHD abusing Rx stimulants as well as other drugs.
False. While those with ADHD can be at a greater risk for developing a substance use disorder, there is research to back the notion that when those who are diagnosed with ADHD are put on Rx stimulants right away, they are less likely to abuse substances.
The first structurally classified group of Barbiturates that were produced in 1912
What is phenobarbital
"Drug use that initially occurred to seek the rewarding effects of drugs now occurs in order to avoid or remove withdrawal effects" defines which addiction model?
What is the opponent-process theory?
Name 4 adverse effects of psychostimulants
Appetite suppression/weight loss, cardiovascular dysfunction, pulmonary disfunction, rhabdomyolysis, meth mouth, neurological damage, formications, hallucinations, and/or paranoia.
The area(s) of the peripheral nervous system where nicotinic receptors are located
What are the neuromuscular junction and the ganglia of the autonomic nervous system?
Besides ADHD, Rx stimulants have also been used to treat what?
Dementia, sleep disorders (such as narcolepsy), as well as promoting weight loss.
Name 3 symptoms of GHB overdose
Nausea, unconsciousness, reduced blood pressure, lowered heart rate.
"The maintenance of a physiological state around a setpoint that has deviated from the body's normal setpoint," defines what term?
Also defined by "altered homeostasis"
What is allostasis?
Stimulants made from Ephedra Vulgaris
What are amphetamines including meth and MDMA?
The active metabolite in cigarettes, cotinine, has a half life of this many hours
What is 19hrs?
Vyvanse is different from other Rx stimulants in terms of the pharmacodynamics because
Hydrolysis by red blood cells
Name the categories of inhalents
What are Volatile solvents, aerosols, gases, and nitrites?
"Elicits autonomic system effects associated with physiological withdrawal symptoms" eludes to which part of the brain's role in drug withdrawal?
What is the hypothalamus?