States of Consciousness
Any temporary mental state other than ordinary waking consciousness.
What is Altered State of Consciousness (ASC)?
The man who "discovered" classical conditioning through his work with dogs.
The persistence of learning over time; the process by which information is encoded, stored, and retrieved.
What is Memory?
The cognitive building block that is a general concept of something based on a "typical representative."
What is a Prototype?
Chemicals that affect the nervous system and cause a change of behavior, mental processes, and conscious experience.
What are Psychoactive Drugs?
The natural patterns that govern our sleep cycles, alertness, core body temperature, moods, learning efficiency, blood pressure, metabolism, immune responses, and pulse rate.
What are Circadian Rhythms?
A stimulus that triggers a natural response in Classical Conditioning Theory
What is an Unconditioned Stimulus (US)?
Our "mental diary" that records the major events (episodes) in our lives.
What is Episodic Memory?
When we solve problems, we sometimes use these simplified rules based on our prior experience to help us make decisions.
What are Heuristics?
Abrupt awakenings from non-rem sleep accompanied by intense physiological arousal and feelings of panic.
What are Night Terrors?
Caffeine, nicotine, cocaine, and amphetamine (meth) are all a part of this category of psychoactive substances.
What are Stimulants?
When you pair the sound of a bell with a dog treat many times, your dog may begin to associate the sound of the bell with his treats. This means that the bell would become a....
What is a Conditioned Stimulus (CS)?
We are able to remember better when we attempt to recall information in the same context in which we learned it.
What is the Encoding Specificity Principle?
Jerry gets in his car to go to the airport but ultimately refuses to get on the plane because he believes he will crash. This is an example of the...
What is the Availability Heuristic?
Kyle cleans his room, so his mom tells him he doesn't have to do his normal chore of taking the trash out that evening. In operant conditioning, this is known as a....
What is a Negative Reinforcement?
Freud's wish-fulfillment view of dreams proposed that unacceptable desires, normally repressed, rise to the surface of consciousness during dreaming. These desires were referred to as....
What is Latent Content?
Joshua (3y/o) bites his brother, so his mother takes away his favorite spiderman toy and makes him sit in the corner away from everyone. This is an example of what type of reinforcement/punishment in Operant conditioning theory?
What is negative punishment?
When one forgets the origin of a previously stored memory.
What is Source Amnesia?
Bob believes that the earth is flat. Despite ample evidence to the contrary, he is quick to share a Facebook post he found depicting the "fake" moon landing. This is an example of...
What is Confirmation Bias?
Theory of Forgetting based on the common-sense assumption that memory, like all biological processes, decays over time.
The theory of sleep that argues sleep evolved to conserve energy and provide protection from predators that hunt at night.
What is the Adaptation/Protection theory?
Bobby (6y/o) gets a series of shots at his doctor's office. He then refuses to go to any dentist, optometrist, or therapy appointments for fear of getting another shot. This exhibits which principle of operant conditioning?
What is Generalization?
Type of memory that refers to intentional learning or conscious knowledge.
What is explicit/declarative memory?
The traditional formula of calculating IQ using mental age.
MA/CA * 100
Bella is addicted to gambling - specifically, she is drawn to slot machines. Slot machines operate on what type of operant conditioning reinforcement schedule?
What is a variable ratio schedule?