Thermodynamics
In your own words, the term "entropy" stands for this
The randomness of a system, the amount of disorder in a system, etc.
The three types of coupled reactions we learned about in class
Direct, indirect (sequential) and carrier-mediated
The overall reaction for cellular respiration
C6H12O6 + 6O2 = 6CO2+6H2O
The names of the four nucleotide bases present in RNA
The shape of ds DNA (double stranded DNA)
Double helix
Favorability of a combustion reaction (X+O2=Y+CO2)
Favorable (heat is a product)
Is the reaction shown on the board favorable or unfavorable?
Favorable
The Electron Transport Chain produces this & these molecules help do it
A proton (H+) gradient & NADH and FADH2
Purines look like this and contain these two bases
5 membered ring connected to 6 membered ring. Adenine and Guanine
The names of the two sugars present within DNA and RNA
Ribose and Deoxyribose
Favorability of condensation reactions in a cellular environment (X+Y= Z+H2O)
Unfavorable
What might the reactant be if this reaction (shown on board) was unfavorable?
Pi (Inorganic phosphate)
The reaction shown is an example of this
The nucleotide bases that create two hydrogen bonds
Adenine, Thymine (AND URACIL!)
The correct reading direction for DNA and RNA is this.
5' -> 3'
Enzymes lower activation energy through these properties
Restriction of undesirable reaction pathways and correct molecule orientation
If you took away the second step of a sequentially coupled reaction, the reaction would do this.
Either stop or begin to proceed in the reverse direction until equilibrium has been reached.
Number of subunits in ATP synthase
6 individual subunits for 3 ATP producing regions
These are the two standard H bond acceptors in nucleotide bases.
N: and :O:
The carbon on which the 'deoxy' in 'deoxyribose' comes from
The 2' carbon
Must be in an isolated system or contain the entire universe
Acetyl CoA is an example of this
An Activated Carrier
The enzyme phosphofructokinase has this type of regulation within the cellular respiration process.
Negative Feedback Loop
The abbreviation dNTP stands for this
deoxynucleoside triphosphate
DNA is prone to damage from mutagens such as UV light and certain chemicals. RNA is prone to damage without any mutagens because of this molecular property.
High reactivity of the 2' OH group which can attack other parts of the molecule and break down the RNA