Prokaryote 1
The two fundamental nutritional needs of all organisms.
Chemical energy, carbon
The two different domains prokaryotes belong to.
Bacteria and Archaea
What it takes to apply parsimony when constructing a phylogenetic tree.
Choose the tree that has the fewest evolutionary changes, either in DNA sequences or morphology
Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells have this structure, which is the protein factory for the cell.
Ribosomes
The age of Earth.
4.5 billion years.
The function of the bacterial cell well.
Protect the cell and provide shape and rigidity
Small extrachromosomal genetic material found in the cytoplasm of prokaryotes.
Plasmids
The concept(s) for identifying species that cannot be applied to asexual or fossil species.
Biological Species Concept
On a phylogenetic tree, Archaea is more closely related to Bacteria than Eukarya. True or False?
False
How many years back the fossil record extends.
3.5 billion years
The ploidy of a prokaryote and its offspring after binary fission.
Haploid
Movement toward or away from a chemical stimulus and what most motile bacteria use to propel themselves.
Chemotaxis, flagella
A trait common in a single monophyletic group, but not generally found outside of that group.
Synapomorphy
The process of DNA being transferred with bacteriophages.
Transduction
A structure that allows for adherance to an intenstinal lining by a bacterium.
Fimbriae
The major difference between gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria.
Presence or absence of an outer plasma membrane
(Absent in gram + bacteria)
This bacteria practices plantlike photosynthesis that releases oxygen (O2)
Cyanobacteria
The mode of selection that likely underlies the trend of ‘character change’ when looking at the history of life on Earth.
Directional Selection
What you call two species that look exactly the same but cannot interbreed.
Cryptic species
When a single lineage produces many ecologically diverse descendant species in a relatively short period of time.
Adaptive Radiation
The source of energy used to grow a chemoorganotrophic bacteria.
Sugar (C6H12O6)
A characteristic feature of the Chlamydiales phlum.
A parasitic life cycle.
What is most likely to occur when hybrids have lower fitness than either parent population.
Reinforcement
This group of bacteria has a unique morphology and includes pathogens that cause syphilis and Lyme disease.
Spirochetes
The primary reason that new mutations accumulate quickly in prokaryotic populations, while in eukaryotes new mutations accumulate much more slowly.
Prokaryotes have shorter generation times.