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Response Rate Management
strategies to boost survey responses and minimize nonresponse bias
Techniques include incentives, follow-ups, pre-notifications, personalization, and easy survey design
Non-Probability Sampling
selection is non-random, some people may have no chance of being chosen
Paper People Study
type of EVM
the people in them are not real
participants are represented with written vignettes describing hypothetical people or scenarios
asked to make explicity decisions, judgements or express preferences based on these scenarios
Direct Replication
Repeating an original study as closely as possible to check if the same results are obtained
Cluster Sampling
a method where the population is divided into groups (clusters) and entire clusters are randomly selected for the study.
Sampling Frame
a list or database of all individuals or units in the population from which a sample is drawn
Scenarios
are carefully designed descriptions of situations used in research to stimulate real-life events. They allow participants to react as they would in real life, helping researchers control variables and observe how people make decision or behave
Simulation
a research method that mimics real life scenarios in a controlled environment to observe participants responses to specific situations or stimuli
Judgement Sampling
selecting participants based on their expertise or relevance to the study
Constructive Replication (with extension)
Reproducing a study while adding new variables or conditions to expand upon the original findings
Errors in Coverage
sampling frame differs from the full target population
Policy Capturing
type of EVM
presents the subject with a series of many alternative scenarios in which one element is changed or different from the set of elements in the other scenarios
Sample Size Determination
deciding how many participants are needed for a study to ensure reliable and valid results
balances precision, confidence, and feasibility
River Sampling
respondent is sourced w/ banner ads, click-throughs, or other online, website or social medical postings
Sampling Error
the different between the sample results and the actual population results
Voluntary Sampling
is when people choose to participate in a survey on their own, rather than being randomly selected
Conceptual Replication
involves purposefully altering at least one element of the original study's design to test the consistency in findings regarding the variables and relationships
Test the same hypothesis or theory, but with different methods or procedures
Panel Sampling
respondents are recruited from a commerical service where they register to participate in surveys, either paid or unpaid
Probability based sampling
A method where every member of the population has a known, non-zero chance of being selected ensuring the sample represents the population fairly
Over Sampling
Intentionally selecting more respondents from a specific subgroup to ensure adequate representation in the data
Helps analyze small/minority groups that might otherwise be underrepresented
Quota Sampling
selecting participants to match specific population proportions
one of the building blocks that make up your sample
Dillman's Social Exchange Theory
Framework for increasing survey response rates by ensuring participants see the survey as beneficial and low cost
Benefits: of responding are clear
Costs: are minimized
Trust: is established
ecological validity
extent to which the findings from a research study can be generalized to real life settings
Snowball Sampling
respondents are recruited through referrals with participants sharing the survey link within their networks, expanding reach to new individuals