Heart
What should nitroglycerin not be administered with and why?
sildenafil (ViagraR), Risk of severe hypotension
Atherosclerosis if the hardening of what?
arteries
What is the range for normal PT
10-14 seconds
What is the synthesis of Hemoglobin highly dependent on?
availability of iron
Hypertension
When does the patient call 911 if the first nitroglycerin does not relieve pain?
Before taking the second pill
What condition is the DASH diet used for?
Hypertension
What is the range for normal INR
0.8-1.1
What is the volume of total blood in the adult body
5 L
Name two of the four major pathological changes that can lead to heart failure
1. Increased fluid volume (volume overload)
2. Impaired ventricular filling
3. Degeneration of ventricular muscle
4. Decreased ventricular contractile function
What treatment is used for MI in the hospital setting?
MONAT
What vascular condition targets the small/medium sized arteries and veins of the hands and feet and typically affects young, adult males?
Thromboangiitis Obliterans (TA)
What is the normal range for aPTT
25-40 seconds
What type of anemia does chronic blood loss commonly lead to
Iron deficiency anemia
Name two major risk factors for heart failure (from the powerpoint)
Age: >65 y/o
Ethnicity: African American higher risk than Caucasian
Family history and genetics
Diabetes
Ischemic heart disease
Obesity
HTN
Lifestyle factors
Atrial Fibrillation increases the risk of what
clot formation AND/OR stroke
What ABI indicates severe PAD
0.5
What OTC medication should be avoided for a week before surgery because it prolongs bleeding time
aspirin
A differing of Rh factor between the mother and baby leads to
(ex. Mother Rh negative, fetus Rh positive)
Erythroblastosis Fetalis
What is the forward effect of LVF
Cause decreased perfusion of brain, kidneys, & other organs
dangerous ventricular rhythm
What are the 5 symptoms associated with PAD in an extremity
Pain, pulselessness, palpable coolness, paresthesia, paresis
What condition is characterized by both clot formation & bleeding episodes
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation
Synthesis of serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine are affected by
vitamin B12
What is the backward effect of LVF
Hydrostatic pressure buildup in:
• Left atrium
• Pulmonary veins & capillaries