Carbs & Lipids
All lipids. . .
a. are made from glycerol and fatty acids.
b. have low energy content.
c. do not dissolve well in water.
d. all of the above
c. do not dissolve well in water.
Which part of an amino acid determines its polarity?
a. "R" group
b. central hydrocarbon
c. amino group
d. carboxyl group
a. "R" group
What are the three parts of a nucleotide?
(pentose) sugar
phosphate functional group
nitrogenous base
Which of the following cytoskeleton structures allows motor proteins such as dynein and kinesins to transport vesicles?
a. Microfilaments
b. Microtubules
c. Intermediate filaments
d. Actin
b. Microtubules
Phosphorylation of proteins in a kinase cascade does what?
a) makes functional ATP
b) distorts a protein from one functional state to another
c) alters the permeability of the cell’s membranes
d) produces an increase in the cell’s store of inorganic
phosphates
b) distorts a protein from one functional state to another
Which of the following does not describe a saturated fat?
a. It does not mix with water.
b. It is liquid at room temperature.
c. The fatty acid chains only have single bonds.
d. It can be made from an unsaturated fat.
b. It is liquid at room temperature.
A negatively charged amino acid would be found in the interior of the protein. True or False.
False.
Which of the following is not a pyrimidine?
a. adenine
b. uracil
c. cytosine
d. thymine
a. adenine
Prokaryotes can convert light energy to chemical energy through photosynthesis because they have chloroplast. True or False.
False.
Which gives the most complete and correct description of a signal transduction pathway?
a) binding of a signal molecule to a cell protein
b) sequence of changes in a series of molecules resulting
in a response
c) binding of a ligand on one side of a membrane that results in a change on the other side
d) the cell’s detection of a chemical or mechanical stimulus
b) sequence of changes in a series of molecules resulting
in a response
Which of the following is a precursor to reproductive hormones & is responsible for maintaining cell membrane fluidity?
a. cholesterol
b. triglycerides
c. phospholipids
d. fatty acids
a. cholesterol
Which of the following is not a protein function?
a. transport/motor
b. energy storage
c. enzymes
d. receptor/signaling
b. energy storage
Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is an example of a nucleotide. True or False.
True.
It has two additional phosphate functional groups.
Where are enzymes responsible for biosynthesis of membrane lipids located?
a. nucleus
b. endoplasmic reticulum
c. Golgi apparatus
d. lysosomes
b. endoplasmic reticulum
Which is the best example of amplification of signal?
a) production of many molecules by many signal molecules
b) conversion of the signal into many other types of molecules
c) activation of a receptor by a hormone
d) activation of 100 molecules by a single signal binding
d) activation of 100 molecules by a single signal binding
Which of the following is not a function of a lipid?
a. energy storage
b. cushions the organs and insulates the body
c. carries water-soluble vitamins
d. supplies essential fatty acids
c. carries water-soluble vitamins
The secondary structure of proteins is stabilized by _____ bonds between atoms of the _____.
a. hydrogen; side chains
b. hydrogen; backbone
c. peptide; side chains
d. covalent; backbone
b. hydrogen; backbone
Complete the complementary DNA sequence: 5' AGTGGCTA 3'
3' TCACCGAT 5'
or
5' TAGCCACT 3'
A student observes that a muscle cell has more mitochondria than the epithelial cell. What could this mean?
a. The muscle cell does not require ATP to function.
b. The muscle cell requires more ATP than the epithelial cell.
c. The epithelial cell does not require ATP to function.
d. The epithelial cell requires more ATP than the muscle cell.
b. The muscle cell requires more ATP than the epithelial cell.
If you wanted to block signaling involving a steroid molecule, which should you destroy?
a) plasma membrane
b) endoplasmic reticulum
c) ribosomes
d) nuclear pores
d) nuclear pores
Determine the chemical formula for a polysaccharide formed after the dehydration of 10 glucose molecules.
C60H102O51
Peptide bonds are formed from the removal of hydroxyl from the ______ and hydrogen from the ______.
a. N-terminus; N-terminus
b. N-terminus; C-terminus
c. C-terminus; N-terminus
d. C-terminus; C-terminus
c. C-terminus; N-terminus
Which of the following statements regarding DNA is false?
a. It is double stranded.
b. It contains the bases A, T, C, and G.
c. Strands of DNA are chemically bonded at the nitrogenous bases.
d. The backbone of the DNA molecule is held together by hydrogen bonds.
d. The backbone of the DNA molecule is held together by hydrogen bonds.
A couple is told that the reason why they can't have children is that the sperm of the male lack motility. You would know that this means there are issues with which cytoskeleton fiber/s?
a. microfilament
b. intermediate filaments
c. microtubules
d. all of the above
c. microtubules
Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) and Luteinizing Hormone (LH) are secreted by the pituitary gland in the brain, and they cause ovulation to occur. Which type of communication is this an example of?
a) Autocrine signaling
b) Paracrine signaling
c) Endocrine signaling / Hormone
d) Synaptic signaling
c) Endocrine signaling / Hormone