Cellular Respiration
List the stages of cellular respiration and where they occur.
glycolysis - cytosol
pyruvate to acetyl CoA - mitochondrial matrix
citric acid cycle - mitochondrial matrix
electron transport chain - inner mitochondrial membrane
What two compnents make up the photosystems
Antenna complex/pigments
Reaction center
Explain the difference between oxidation and reduction.
oxidation - electron loss
reduction- electron gain
List atleast 2 of the 3 ways in which photosynthesis has transformed the atmosphere.
ocean chemistry
atmospheric composition
ozone layer
What is a genus?
a group of closely related species
What are the two types of fermentation?
Alcohol fermentation and lactate fermentation
What are the two types of reactions involved in photosynthesis and where do they occur?
light dependent reactions - thylakoid membrane
light independent reactions - stroma
What is a pigment?
substances that absorb visible light
What is the greenhouse effect?
the inputs and outputs of earth's energy
solar radition hits the earth
earth loses heat through longwave radiation
some gases in eaths atmosphere block longwave radiation
What is taxonomy?
The identification, naming, and classification of organisms.
What is the purpose of cellular respiration?
To harvest energy from glucose in the form of ATP
What are the steps of the calvin cycle and how many times does it have to cycle to produce one molecule of glucose?
carbon fixation, reduction, regeneration of RuBP
cycles 6x for one molecule of glucose
What is light and explain what kind of wavelengths carry mor eor less energy.
Light is an electromagnetic spectrum of particles called photons
Longer wavelenths hold less energy
Shorter wavelengths carry more energy
What is ocean acidification?
A CO2 dissolves in water, carbonic acid forms
Explain the binomial sysyem.
System of nomenclature including two names, genus and species
Describe the role of oxygen in the electron transport chain.
It is the final electron acceptor
What is the protein involved in the calvin cycle that is responsible for converting inorganic CO2 into a 6-carbon organic sugar?
Rubisco
Explain what happens when a photon hits an electon.
absorbtion of a photon bumos the elctron to a higher energy orbital, putting it in the excited state.
How are dips in CO2 concentration relate to photosynthesis?
Dips are caused by the growing seasions where plants are taking in CO2 from the atmosphere
What is the order of the Linnaean classification scheme. Start at at domain and end at species.
Domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species
Arrange the following steps of the electron transport chain in order.
1. Electrons are accepted by electron transport enzymes
2. Oxygen accepts the electrons to form water.
3.NADH is oxidized
4. protons are pumped through ATP synthase to form ATP
5. electrons are transferred through the chain of electron carriers which provides energy for protons to be pumped
1. NADH is oxidized.
2. Electrons are accepted by electron transport enzymes.
3. Electrons are transferred through the chain of electron carriers which provides energy for protons to be pumped.
4. Oxygen accepts the electrons to form water.
5. Protons are pumped through ATP synthase to form ATP
What is the goal of carbon fixation?
fix carbon atoms from CO2 into organic molecules
What light does chlorophyll absorb, reflect?
absorbs: everything except green
reflects: green
List atleast two places where CO2 is stored
plants/algae, soil, ocean water
Why are scientific names better than common name?
not all organisms have common names
consistency among regions and languages
reflects relationships among organisms