Carbohydrates 101
This is the term for carbohydrates that include monosaccharides and disaccharides.
What are simple carbohydrates?
The largest source of added sugar in the American diet
What are sugar-sweetened beverages?
The term for dangerously low blood sugar.
What is hypoglycemia?
The type of fat that is solid at room temperature and primarily found in animal products
What is saturated fat?
The building blocks of proteins.
What are amino acids?
The enzyme needed to break down lactose in the small intestine.
What is lactase?
The difference between soluble and insoluble fiber.
What is soluble fiber dissolves in water and can help lower cholesterol, while insoluble fiber adds bulk to stool and aids digestion?
The hormone that lowers blood glucose levels.
What is insulin?
The three main types of lipids.
What are triglycerides, phospholipids, and sterols?
The term for proteins that provide all essential amino acids.
What are complete proteins?
The form in which plants store carbohydrates.
What is starch?
What is soluble fiber dissolves in water and can help lower cholesterol, while insoluble fiber adds bulk to stool and aids digestion?
What are high-intensity sweeteners?
A major risk factor for developing gestational diabetes.
What is being overweight or having a family history of diabetes?
The two essential fatty acids.
What are omega-3 (alpha-linolenic acid) and omega-6 (linoleic acid)?
The two main protein deficiency syndromes.
What are Kwashiorkor and Marasmus?
These are the three monosaccharides found in food.
What are glucose, fructose, and galactose?
The food label term that helps identify whole grains.
What is "100% whole grain" or "whole [grain name]" listed as the first ingredient?
The metabolic state that occurs when the body lacks sufficient glucose and begins breaking down fat for energy.
What is ketosis?
The lipoprotein known as "good cholesterol."
What is HDL (high-density lipoprotein)?
One of the most resource-intensive protein sources.
What is beef?
The three parts of a whole grain.
What are the bran, germ, and endosperm?
The process by which dietary sugar and starch contribute to cavities.
What is fermentation by oral bacteria, producing acids that erode enamel?
The main difference between Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes.
What is Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune condition where the body attacks insulin-producing cells, while Type 2 diabetes is often related to insulin resistance?
The major function of bile in fat digestion.
What is emulsifying fat to aid in digestion and absorption?
The process that alters a protein’s structure due to heat, acid, or mechanical action.
What is denaturation?