Bone Anatomy & Physiology
This type of bone marrow is specialized for producing blood cells
red bone marrow
This is the general term for the process of bone formation
Ossification
The shoulder, pelvis, and limbs are part of this skeletal division
appendicular skeleton
This hormone, secreted by the thyroid, helps lower high blood calcium levels
calcitonin
This sprain grade involves complete ligament tearing and severe joint instability
grade 3 sprain
This type of bone is composed of trabeculae and contains red bone marrow
Spongy bone
These bone cells break down bone matrix and release minerals into the blood
Osteoclasts
This region of the vertebral column has 12 bones
thoracic
This disease causes soft bones due to a calcium salt deficiency
Rickets
This type of fracture results from forces pushing ends of a bone together, often seen in spinal injuries
compression fracture
This knee ligament prevents forward sliding of the tibia
Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL)
This center of ossification develops in the epiphyses during endochondral ossification
Secondary Ossification Center
These fluid-filled sacs reduce friction between tendons and bones
bursae
This condition, involving an abnormal level of calcium in the blood, causes spasms or tetany
hypocalcemia
Name this class of lever: Fulcrum -> Load -> Effort
2nd class lever
These tiny openings in the diaphysis allow arteries to enter and nourish the bone
nutrient foramina
This states that the architecture of bone is determined by mechanical stresses placed on it and how bones adapt to withstand those stresses
Wolff's Law of Bone
The joint between the radius and ulna that allows pronation and supination is called this
radioulnar joint
This disease, also called “brittle bone disease,” is due to a lack of collagen
osteogenesis imperfecta
This type of joint allows movement in only one plane, like the elbow
hinge joint
The bone feature that houses the pituitary gland is part of this cranial bone
sphenoid bone
These are the four stages of fracture healing, in order
hematoma formation, soft callus formation, hard callus formation, and bone remodeling
This ring of fibrocartilage surrounds the socket of the hip joint
Acetabular labrum
This is the normal range of blood calcium levels
9.2 to 10.4 mg/dL
This ligament connects the radius and ulna at the elbow and allows for the pivoting motion needed for pronation and supination
annular ligament