DNA + Genome
These three components make up a nucleotide.
What are sugar, phosphate, and nitrogenous base?
This process produces two identical daughter cells.
What is mitosis?
This enzyme unwinds the DNA helix.
What is helicase?
The central dogma describes the flow of information from this to this.
What is DNA → RNA → Protein?
An insertion or deletion that alters the reading frame is called this.
What is a frameshift mutation?
A genome is defined as this.
What is all the genetic material in an organism?
This process reduces chromosome number from diploid to haploid.
What is meiosis?
This enzyme adds new nucleotides.
What is DNA polymerase?
This process converts DNA into RNA.
What is transcription?
A mutation that does not change the amino acid is called this.
What is a silent mutation?
This is the DNA sequence an individual carries.
What is genotype?
The purpose of crossing over during meiosis
What is to increase genetic variation?
DNA replication occurs in this direction.
What is 5’ → 3’?
This process converts RNA into protein.
What is translation?
A mutation that creates a premature stop codon is called this.
What is a nonsense mutation?
Eye color, height, and blood type are examples of this.
What is phenotype?
Mitosis is used for this function in multicellular organisms.
What is growth and repair?
This enzyme can extend telomeres in certain cells, like stem cells and cancer cells.
What is telomerase?
DNA is transcribed into this type of RNA before being translated into a protein.
What is messenger RNA (mRNA)?
Biologists consider viruses a living organism
What is false?
A mutation that alters protein shape may change phenotype because it affects this property of proteins.
What is protein structure and function?
This is the number of chromosomes in a human somatic cell after DNA replication but before mitosis begins.
What is 46?
Replication is called “semi-conservative” because each daughter DNA molecule contains this.
What is one original strand and one newly synthesized strand?
They protect chromosome ends from deterioration
What is Telomeres?
How do vaccines help your immune system respond faster to a pathogen in the future?
what is
Vaccines show your immune system a harmless part of the pathogen, creating memory cells.