reaction rates & laws
The rate law expresses how the rate depends on this property of the reactant?
What is concentration?
A plot of [A] vs t will yield a straight line if the reaction is this order?
What is zero order?
According to collision theory, molecules must do this in order for a successful reaction to occur.
What is collide?
The equilibrium-constant expression, Kc, is written as the concentrations of the products raised to their coefficients divided by the concentrations of these.
What is reactants?
Le Châtelier's Principle helps us predict how a system will react when one of these is applied to it.
What is stress
In the rate law formula this specific letter represents the rate constan?
What is k?
If you plot ln[A] vs t and get a straight line your reaction is which order?
For a collision to be successful, molecules must have the correct orientation and at least this amount of energy.
What is the activation energy
When writing an equilibrium-constant expression, you must exclude substances in these two states of matter.
What are liquids and solids?
For the reaction N2(g)+3H2(g)—>2NH3(g), adding more H2 to the system will cause the equilibrium to shift in this direction.
What is to the right (or toward the products NH3)
The overall order of reaction is determined by taking the sum of these mathematical features in the rate law?
What are exponents?
To get a straight line for a second order reaction you must plot this on the y axis against time on the x axis?
What is 1/[A]
These species are formed in one step of a reaction mechanism and are consumed in a later step.
What are intermediates?
While Kc uses concentrations, Kp is calculated using these values for gaseous reactants and products.
What are partial pressures?
For the reaction 2SO2(g)+O_2(g)—->2SO3(g), doing this to the SO3 will cause a shift toward the products
What is removing it?
The rate of disappearance of a reactant and the rate of appearance of a product are related by theses values found in a balanced chemical equation
What is stiochiometry or coefficients
This term refers to the amount of time it takes half of a reactant to be consumed which has specific formulas for first and second order reactions?
What is half life?
A catalyst speeds up a reaction by providing a pathway with a lower one of these.
What is activation energy?
If the reaction quotient Q is less than the equilibrium constant K, the reaction will shift in this direction
What is toward the products?
For the reaction 2NO2(g)—->N2O4(g), an increase in this factor will shift the system toward N2O4
What is pressure?
2NO(g)—-> N2(g)+ O2(g)
if O2 is forming at a rate of 0.025 M/s this is the rate of disapperance of NO
What is 0.050 M/s
The decomposition X—-> Y +Z
is a first order reaction with a rate constant k=0.035s
this is the half life of X
What is 19.8s?
A reaction has k1=0.015s at 300 K and k2=0.090~s at 350 K. Using the two-point Arrhenius equation, this is the activation energy Ea in kJ/mol.
What is 31.3 kJ/mol?
For the reaction 2NO2(g)——>N2O4(g), the concentrations are [NO2]=0.35 M and [N2O4]=0.25 M at equilibrium. This is the calculated value of Kc
What is 2.04?
For CO(g)+H2O(g)—->CO2(g)+H2(g), the initial concentrations are [CO]=0.438 M, [H2O]=0.792 M, [CO2]=0.611 M, and [H2]=0.284 M. This is the calculated reaction quotient, Q
What is 0.50?