Motivation & Emotion
An internal state of tension caused by a physiological need.
What is a drive.
Freud believed this structure operates entirely on the pleasure principle.
What is the id?
These mental frameworks help people interpret and organize social information.
What are social schemas?
This technique starts with a small request to increase the chances of agreement to a larger one.
What is the foot‑in‑the‑door technique?
This concept suggests people tend to form relationships with others who are similar to them.
What is the similarity principle?
This theory proposes that organisms are motivated to maintain an optimal level of stimulation.
What is arousal theory?
This structure of personality acts as a moral guardian or conscience.
What is the superego?
This common error involves overemphasizing personality traits while underestimating situational factors.
What is the fundamental attribution error?
This term describes changing behavior in response to a direct command from an authority figure.
What is obedience?
This component of Sternberg’s theory of love involves emotional closeness and bonding.
What is intimacy?
This humanistic psychologist proposed a hierarchy of needs leading to self‑actualization.
Who is Abraham Maslow?
This defense mechanism involves consciously pushing distressing thoughts, memories, or urges out of awareness, meaning the person knows the thought exists but intentionally avoids thinking about it.”
What is suppression (or repression)?
Expectations that cause people to behave in ways that confirm the original belief.
What are self‑fulfilling prophecies?
In Milgram’s study, this proportion of participants delivered the highest shock level.
What is about two‑thirds?
Behavior performed to benefit another person without expectation of reward.
What is prosocial behavior?
These motives involve desires such as achievement and affiliation.
What are psychosocial motives?
This trait theorist proposed source traits and surface traits.
Who is Raymond Cattell?
TRUE or FALSE: Stereotypes are easily changed when new information is provided.
What is false?
This phenomenon occurs when group members favor agreement over critical thinking.
What is groupthink?
This effect occurs when people exert less effort when working in a group than when working alone.
What is social loafing?
This brain structure plays a central role in fear and aggression responses.
What is the amygdala?
This Big Five trait is associated with self‑discipline, orderliness, and responsibility.
What is conscientiousness?
This bias involves attributing more negative traits to out‑groups than to in‑groups.
What is out‑group negativism?
This technique involves making a large request that is expected to be refused, followed by a smaller request.
What is the door‑in‑the‑face technique?
According to Sternberg, romantic love consists of passion and intimacy, but lacks this key component.
What is commitment.