Speech Sound Disorders
Addition (buh--luu/blue)
A systematic speech error pattern
An example of an objective form of assessment
instrumental assessments --- rigid/flexible videoendoscopy, acoustic analyses, aerodynamic analyses
What is a myth regarding the cause of stuttering?
lack of intelligence, trauma, nervousness/anxiety, etc.
Standardized assessment used to evaluate speech sound errors
Goldman Fristoe Test of Articulation (GFTA) and Khan Lewis Phonological Analysis (to assess phonological processes)
A child produces "tat" for "cat" and "dod" for "dog"
Phonological process: fronting
(context: outside)
I think I see a bird in that tree
I wonder if the leaves will change color soon
I love to swing on the swings with you
bilateral bumps that form on the anterior 1/3 of the vocal folds following vocal misuse and/or abuse
vocal nodules
What is a speech characteristic of cluttered speech?
coarticulation, rapid speech rate, lack of listener awareness
A characteristic of Childhood apraxia of speech
inconsistent errors, groping behaviors, highly unintelligible speech, disordered suprasegmental aspects of speech (stress, rate, pitch), consonant/vowel distortions
While therapy for articulation should be focused on production, therapy for phonological disorders should be focused on perception and production. One way to do this is to use the ____ approach where the child must discriminate between two words that differ on the basis of one sound.
Minimal Pair Approach
What is an example of vocal fold pathology that is structural-benign in nature
vocal fold nodules, vocal fold polyps, vocal fold cysts, vocal process granuloma
What is the purpose of indirect treatment methods for voice disorders?
A strategy that can be used to promote desensitization, or reduce fear of stuttering
voluntary stuttering
self-disclosure
role play
You are evaluating a child named Sam. Sam says, "Hi my na-- i-- Sa--." You categorize this error pattern as ___ in the SODA acronym
Omission (phono process: final consonant deletion)
What two phonological processes are present?
Stopping (of fricatives) and Cluster reduction
Name two examples of phonological processes that are related to syllable structure (e.g., CVC)
Completing the CAPE-V when evaluating the child's vocal quality is an example of ____ assessment
subjective/perceptual
Compare and contrast fluency shaping and stuttering modification therapy
Stuttering modification requires the individual to MODIFY the moment of stuttering to stutter more easily. Stuttering is not avoided, rather, the person is given strategies to help them stutter more easily.
Goal sequencing approach wherein the SLP only targets one sound at a time
Vertical Approach
Who might this be most appropriate for?
You are working with a child who exhibits the phonological process of gliding. What is an example of a minimal pair that could be used to help this child learn to differentiate between the target sound and the errored production?
w / r = red and wed, witch and rich,
w / l = white and light, weep and leap
j / l = yawn and lawn, lucky and yucky
Provide a minimal pair that would be appropriate to use in treatment for a child who is exhibiting final consonant deletion
bee / beep
key/ keep
Why is mind-body awareness important in voice therapy?
To facilitate self-awareness of the voice and body to promote self-monitoring of phonotraumatic and healthy voicing behaviors
The anchoring and adjustment hypotheses
People who do not stutter assume that people who stutter are nervous or uncomfortable when speaking because that is how THEY feel when they are disfluent (even though these disfluencies are distinct and different from stuttering-like disfluencies). As a result, speakers project their assumptions on to the person who stutter and assumes they are nervous/uncomfortable