Eukaryotic Cell Structures
Which organelle modifies, sorts, and packages proteins?
Golgi apparatus
What are fungi that feed on dead organic matter called?
Saprobes
What is the protein coat surrounding a virus's genetic material called?
Capsid
What substance makes up the largest proportion of most living cells?
H2O
What temperature group includes most human pathogens?
Mesophiles
Which organelle contains enzymes for intracellular digestion?
Lysosome
What protective form helps some protozoa survive unfavorable conditions?
Cyst
What virus infects bacterial cells?
Bacteriophage
What is an organism that uses carbon dioxide as its carbon source called?
Autotroph
What gas can damage microorganisms that lack protective enzymes such as catalase and superoxide dismutase?
Oxygen
Which organelle contains its own circular DNA and 70S ribosomes?
Mitochondria
What are the branching filaments that make up molds called?
Hyphae
What are viruses associated with causing cancers called?
Oncoviruses
What is the net movement of molecules from high to low concentration called?
Diffusion
What type of microorganism can grow at low temperatures but often grows best at warmer temperatures?
Psychrotroph
What is the internal cytoplasm of a protozoan called?
Endoplasm
What is the network of fungal hyphae called?
Mycelium
What is viral DNA integrated into a bacterial chromosome during lysogeny called?
Prophage
What energy-dependent process moves substances against their concentration gradient?
Active transport
What bacterial growth phase features the fastest rate of cell division?
Exponential phase or Log phase
What openings in the nuclear envelope allow substances to pass between the nucleus and cytoplasm?
Nuclear pores
What reproductive structures can fungi produce sexually or asexually?
Spores
What type of RNA genome can be translated directly by host ribosomes?
Positive-sense RNA
What process allows a cell to engulf large particles or whole cells?
Phagocytosis
What is the time required for a bacterial population to double in number called?
Generation time