Joints
What are the 3 classifications of Joints?
1. Fibrous
2. Cartilaginous
3. Synovial
1. Keratinocytes
2. Melanocytes
3. Langerhans' cells
4. Merkel cells
Of the 22 total bones in the skull, how many are facial bones?
14
What is the muscle that closes lips?
Orbicularis oris
What are the 4 functions of muscle tissue?
1. Movement
2. Maintain posture
3. Heat production
4. Stabilize joints
What is the tissue composition of Cartilaginous joints?
Hyaline Cartilage or Fibrocartilage
What is the deepest layer of the epidermis?
Stratus Basale
What is the cranial structure that articulates with the first cervical vertebrae?
Occipital condyles
What anterior muscle of the torso elevates the rib cage during inspiration?
External Intercostals
What is the connective tissue that surrounds each fascicle (bundles of muscle fibers)?
Perimysium
What are the three types of Fibrous Joints?
1. Sutures
2. Syndesmoses
3. Gomphoses
What is the clear protein Eleiden (found in the stratum lucidium) derived from?
Keratohyalin
What is the structure where the pituitary gland sits?
What is the only function of the pectoral girdle that trapezius muscles do NOT participate in?
Protraction
What is the name of the additional organelle of the skeletal muscle that is the smooth ER around the myofibrils that store, regulate, and release calcium?
Sarcoplasmic Reticulum
Where would we find Syndesmosomes Fibrous joint?
Distal articulation of tibia and fibula
What is the antimicrobial secreted in sweat from a merocrine gland called?
dermicidin
What are the two UNPAIRED bones in the face?
Mandible and Vomer
What is the antagonist to the sternocleidomastoid?
Splenius
What structure in the myofibril acts as the anchor for thin filaments?
z line (disc)
What is the connective tissue type that composes the outer fibrous layer of an articular capsule?
Dense Irregular CT
What is the name for the folds that occur near joints where skin can't move. (The reticular layer of the dermis is responsible for forming this.)
Flexor Lines
What two curvatures of the spine convex posteriorly?
Thoracic and Sacral
What causes wryneck?
Either:
1. injury of the sternocleidomastoid
2. torn muscle fibers during birth
What do the three subunits of Troponin (found in thin myofilaments) attach to?
- 1 subunit bound to actin
- 1 subunit bound to tropomyosin
- 1 subunit binds to Ca2+