Concepts
A ________ is when the public fear of a type of crime or activity exceeds the actual threat.
Moral panic
_______ involves addressing what is happening and why it is an issue.
Identifying the problem
_______ theory assumed people broke laws because they were possessed by demons or the devil.
Pre-classical
________ holds that offenders rationally calculate costs vs. benefits before committing crime.
Rational choice theory
Who is the father of criminology?
Lombroso
What are the 5 social actors involved in a moral panic?
Folk devils, rule or law enforcers, the media, politicians, the public
__________ could involve a new law or an executive order.
Formulation and adoption
_________ theory assumed that men were rational and operated with free will.
Classical
________holds that if you have a motivated offender, suitable target, and absence of a capable guardian, you will have criminal behavior.
Routine activity theory
The ____________ noted that crime rates were based on location, regardless of who lived there.
A _______ is a tested, falsifiable explanation that links facts together; makes sense of our observations about the world.
Theory
A _________ evaluation considers how effectively a policy was implemented.
Process evaluation
Beccaria stated that deterrence works if punishment is what three things?
Swift, certain, severe
________ is a policing strategy in which police crack down on minor offenses to reduce major crime.
Broken windows
The _____________ explained how cities grow from the central business district outward.
Concentric zone theory
What 6 things make a good theory?
Logical consistency, scope, parsimony, testability, empirical validity, and usefulness
__________ determine if the costs of a policy justified the benefits
Cost-benefit
What are the four social bonds?
attachment, commitment, involvement, and belief
_________ uses empirical evidence to improve society.
Positivist criminology
_________ theories assume that people commit crime when they are under strain or stress.
Strain
What three lenses do we evaluate policy through?
Theoretical, political, and practical
What are the five stages of policy development?
Identifying the problem, agenda setting, formulation and adoption of the policy, implementation of the policy, evaluation of the policy
__________ is the dominant philosophy of our criminal justice system.
Modern deterrence theory
_____ is the belief that the size of the brain or skull represents the superiority or inferiority of certain individuals.
Craniometry
___________ centers on forgiveness, love, and respect.
Reintegrative shaming