Research Concepts
This is the large group of people, at a specific point in time, that your research addresses
What is a population?
Although self-report data (S data) can be biased, this is the reason it is the most commonly collected form of personality data.
What is because individuals have the most data to offer about their own personalities?
Dr. C is interested in learn the mean level on the Big 5 factor "openness" among students at their university. The purpose for this research is: descriptive, correlational, or experimental?
What is descriptive?
We discussed the example of happiness during class to demonstrate its high synonym frequency in English and its high cross-universality across languages, which are criteria within which approach to identifying important traits?
What is the lexical approach?
As a baby, Lily expressed frustration by crying often and kicking out her feet. As a teenager, Lily tended to yell at her mother when criticized and slammed her bedroom door. This concept reflects similar traits manifesting differently throughout her life.
Accuracy and consistency are the two components of a measure's _________
What is reliability?
A researcher asks college students at her university to complete a brief survey about their study habits in the Equity Hall 103 computer lab. This is an example of which kind of setting?
What is artificial?
Professor Lando conducts a survey study to examine whether extraversion relates to time spent exercising at the gym among middle aged adults in Austin. Which type of design is recommended?
What is correlational?
The Five-Factor Model of personality was discovered by the lexical approach followed by which other approach?
What is the statistical approach?
Personality _____ involves both personality stability and personality change.
What is development?
This is most commonly used sampling methods by researchers, but it is not free from bias.
What is convenience sampling?
This type of data could include class exams, participant behavior in an experiment, responses to the TAT, and blood pressure values.
What is Test data (T)?
Dr. Southbysouthwest conducted a study to address whether flattery affects cognitive performance. The results showed that participants who were flattered outscored those who were not flattered on a word problem task. The results indicate what relationship between the independent and dependent variables?
Traits that are included within the same factor, such as the traits of determined and hard-working within the factor of Ambition, are ______ correlated.
What is positively correlated?
The average level of the Big 5 factors combined are quite stable throughout adulthood. Is this true or false?
What is true?
These are examples of vulnerable populations in research, who receive additional research protections.
Who are children, people with cognitive impairments, people who are involuntarily hospitalized, people who are incarcerated, pregnant people (depending on the research)?
This is the reason why researchers may change the direction of item wording on survey with a structured response format.
What is to prevent careless responding and to increase the accuracy of the data collected?
The r value for the relationship between conscientiousness and first exam grade in a course was calculated at +.74. The correct interpretation for this correlation coefficient is _________.
What is that participants who scored higher in conscientiousness tended to have higher grades on the exam?
Prof. Sunshine usually is late to meetings and disagrees with others frequently during those meetings. The Professor would likely score ___ on conscientiousness and ____ on agreeableness, in the Big 5 Factors model.
What is low and low?
Compared to teens in the 1970's, cohort data shows that more millennials are _______ narcissistic.
What is more?
This is the purpose for the Institutional Review Board (IRB) at institutions like SEU.
What is to assess the benefits of the research proposed relative to the potential risks to participants?
Dr. J seeks to assess the relationship between the Big 5 Factors and procrastination among undergraduates. Dr. J collects self-report data and observer-report data from the participants' roommates. Which concept explains the benefits of this approach?
What is triangulation, which involves collecting personality data from more than one source?
This is the type of research design that involves random assignment of participants to conditions.
What is experimental?
These are two of the prominent criticisms about the Five-Factor Model of personality.
What is that the model is not comprehensive and issues with replicating the "opennesss" factor?
The difference between one's "ideal self" and "current self" defines this concept.
What is self-esteem?