Half life problems and microscope math
Microscope with eyepiece of 5x and objective lens of 10x has power:
50x
What does a meeting point in 2 cladogram branches mean?
There was a common ancestor at that point
What is geographic Range?
The area inhabited by population
What are three criteria for an evolution?
A trait being heritable, fitting a niche, and increasing fitness
What is commensalism?
When one organism benefits off of another and the other one doesn't benefit or detriment
Microscope with eyepiece 10x and objective lens 10x has a power of:
100x
What is at the end of a cladogram trail?
A singular organism or group, such as all birds
What is density and distribution?
Individuals per unit of area
What do structural adaptations do?
Involve the body
What is mutualism?
When both organisms benefits from each other
The microscopes we use have a diameter of field of: mm and um
4.5mm and 4500um
Why does a cladogram split
There are organisms with and without a certain trait
What is growth rate?
Whether a population grows, shrinks, or stays the same
What do physiological adaptations do?
They are inside the body and involve stuff the animal makes or secretes.
What is parasitism?
When one organism benefits at another's detriment
Carbon-14 sample found with 1/64th of original amount. How old is the sample? Use 5700 as half-life
34,200 years old
Why do organisms evolve?
To suit their environment and increase fitness
What is age structure?
The number of males and females of different ages a population contains
What do behavioral adaptations do?
How does a primary consumer get energy?
By consuming something that gets energy from the sun, usually a plant
What fraction of carbon would a 1710 years old specimen have?
1/8
What is the term for a place where the cladogram splits?
A node
What is carrying capacity?
The limit a specific environment can sustain
What are the 2 most specific categories of taxonomy? No subspecies!
Genus and species
How much energy is passed down when an organism eats another?
10%