Nutrition
Activity, Rest, Sleep
End of Life
Environments of care
Random
100

Which of the following age-related changes most directly impacts nutrient absorption in older adults?

A. Increased production of hydrochloric acid
B. Delayed gastric emptying
C. Decreased enzyme secretion and gastric acid production
D. Increased intestinal motility

C. Decreased enzyme secretion and gastric acid production

100

Which of the following is a benefit of regular physical activity for older adults?

A. Decreased bone density
B. Increased risk of falls
C. Improved cardiovascular and respiratory function
D. Reduced metabolic rate

C. Improved cardiovascular and respiratory function

100

Which of the following best describes the focus of hospice care?

A. Curing the disease through aggressive medical interventions
B. Providing comfort, dignity, and support for those with a terminal illness
C. Isolating the patient to minimize distress
D. Administering high-dose curative chemotherapy

B. Providing comfort, dignity, and support for those with a terminal illness

100

Which of the following environmental factors most contributes to fall prevention in older adults?

A. Bright lighting and clear walkways
B. Thick carpets and cluttered rooms
C. Dim lighting and loose rugs
D. Narrow hallways and slippery floors

A. Bright lighting and clear walkways

100

Which of the following is a safe sleep practice to recommend to older adults?

A. Use of sleeping pills nightly
B. Maintaining a regular sleep schedule
C. Drinking caffeine before bedtime
D. Sleeping in a brightly lit room

B. Maintaining a regular sleep schedule

200

An older adult reports fatigue, numbness in the feet, and difficulty concentrating. Which nutrient deficiency is most likely responsible?

A. Vitamin D
B. Vitamin B12
C. Iron
D. Potassium

B. Vitamin B12

200

Which age-related change affects sleep patterns in older adults?

A. Increased deep sleep (Stage 3)
B. Decreased REM sleep and increased nighttime awakenings
C. Longer periods of uninterrupted sleep
D. Earlier release of melatonin

B. Decreased REM sleep and increased nighttime awakenings

200

Which of the following is an expected physical sign of impending death?

A. Increased appetite and thirst
B. Restlessness followed by calmness, mottled skin, and irregular breathing
C. Hypertension and increased urinary output
D. Elevated body temperature and flushed skin

B. Restlessness followed by calmness, mottled skin, and irregular breathing

200

Why is it important to assess an older adult’s home environment during discharge planning?

A. To ensure it is large enough for multiple visitors
B. To identify potential safety hazards and support needs
C. To verify the presence of high-tech medical equipment
D. To check if the home has internet access

B. To identify potential safety hazards and support needs

200

Why is adequate ventilation important in long-term care environments?

A. To reduce the spread of airborne infections
B. To keep the rooms warmer
C. To reduce noise levels
D. To increase humidity

A. To reduce the spread of airborne infections

300

Which dietary recommendation is appropriate to help prevent constipation in older adults?

A. Increase intake of dairy products
B. Decrease fluid intake to avoid incontinence
C. Increase intake of fiber and fluid
D. Eat fewer vegetables to reduce gas

C. Increase intake of fiber and fluid

300

What is the most common sleep-related complaint among older adults?

A. Narcolepsy
B. Insomnia
C. Night terrors
D. Sleepwalking

B. Insomnia

300

What is the primary goal of palliative care?

A. Relieve suffering and enhance quality of life at any stage of illness
B. Treat depression with stimulant medications
C. Prolong life through aggressive treatment
D. Prepare the family for funeral arrangements

A. Relieve suffering and enhance quality of life at any stage of illness

300

Which environmental modification is most helpful for an older adult with visual impairment?

A. Installing grab bars in the bathroom
B. Using contrasting colors on steps and edges
C. Increasing background noise to improve alertness
D. Using dim lighting to reduce glare

B. Using contrasting colors on steps and edges

300

Which statement best describes anticipatory grief?

A. Grief experienced only after death
B. Grief experienced in advance of an expected loss
C. Grief that lasts less than one day
D. Grief that is not common among caregivers

B. Grief experienced in advance of an expected loss

400

An older adult who is on a fixed income and has limited transportation is at risk for which nutrition-related issue?

A. Hypervitaminosis
B. Overhydration
C. Food insecurity and malnutrition
D. Iron overload

C. Food insecurity and malnutrition

400

An older adult reports fatigue during the day and waking up several times each night. Which nursing intervention would be most appropriate?

A. Recommend a daytime nap lasting 2–3 hours
B. Encourage a glass of wine before bed to promote relaxation
C. Suggest they go to bed immediately after dinner
D. Review medications and recommend a consistent bedtime routine

D. Review medications and recommend a consistent bedtime routine

400

Which nursing action best supports a grieving family after the death of an older adult patient?

A. Remove the body immediately to minimize trauma
B. Avoid talking about the patient to prevent emotional distress
C. Encourage the family to leave the room as soon as possible
D. Offer the family time to be with the body and express feelings

D. Offer the family time to be with the body and express feelings

400

How does social environment impact the health of older adults?

A. Social isolation is linked to higher rates of depression and mortality
B. Frequent visitors increase risk of infection
C. Socializing reduces physical activity and increases fatigue
D. Older adults prefer to live completely independently without contact

A. Social isolation is linked to higher rates of depression and mortality

400

Which exercise type is most beneficial for improving balance in older adults?

A. Weight lifting only
B. Aerobic exercise exclusively
C. Tai Chi and yoga
D. High-impact running

C. Tai Chi and yoga

500

Why are older adults at greater risk for dehydration?

A. Decreased kidney concentration ability and blunted thirst sensation
B. Decreased fat stores
C. Increased thirst mechanism
D. Increased physical activity

A. Decreased kidney concentration ability and blunted thirst sensation

500

Why is regular physical activity especially important for maintaining function in older adults?

A. It prevents the need for medication.
B. It eliminates the risk of chronic illness.
C. It helps preserve muscle mass, joint flexibility, and balance.
D. It increases appetite regardless of health status.

C. It helps preserve muscle mass, joint flexibility, and balance.

500

An elderly patient with terminal cancer has a Durable Power of Attorney for Health Care. What does this document do?

A. Gives the physician the legal right to make all decisions
B. Ensures financial power of attorney takes over during hospice
C. Authorizes a chosen individual to make healthcare decisions when the patient is unable
D. Automatically initiates resuscitation efforts

C. Authorizes a chosen individual to make healthcare decisions when the patient is unable

500

Which of the following is a recommended feature of an ideal long-term care environment?

A. Institutional and sterile setting
B. Personalized rooms with access to outdoor spaces
C. Minimal opportunities for socialization
D. Locked doors with limited mobility

B. Personalized rooms with access to outdoor spaces

500

Which vitamin deficiency in older adults can lead to osteoporosis and fractures?

A. Vitamin D
B. Vitamin C
C. Vitamin A
D. Vitamin K

A. Vitamin D