Reconstruction
person from the North who went to the South after the Civil War to profit from the Reconstruction
Carpetbaggers
This Lakota Sioux leader is best known for his role in the Battle of Little Bighorn, where he led Native American forces to victory over General Custer's troops in 1876.
Sitting Bull
On June 28, 1914, this Bosnian nationalist assassinated Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria, an event that sparked the beginning of World War I.
Gavrilo Princip
This political boss controlled Tammany Hall in New York City during the 19th century, using corruption and bribery to maintain power until his arrest in 1871.
Boss Tweed
This social reformer and founder of Hull House in Chicago was a leading figure in the settlement house movement, working to improve conditions for immigrants and the poor.
Jane Addams
This term was used during the Reconstruction era to describe Southern whites who supported Reconstruction and the Republican Party, often seen as traitors by other Southerners.
Scalawags
This 1890 massacre, which occurred in South Dakota, marked the end of the Indian resistance in the Great Plains, where U.S. soldiers killed around 300 Lakota Sioux.
Wounded Knee Massacre
This last German Emperor and King of Prussia led Germany during World War I, abdicating in 1918 after the war's defeat.
Kaiser Wilhelm II
This journalist and orator was a leading proponent of the "New South" movement, advocating for economic diversification and industrialization in the post-Reconstruction South.
Henry Grady
This suffragist and leader of the National Woman's Party was a key figure in the fight for the 19th Amendment and was known for her more militant tactics, including hunger strikes.
Alice Paul
This former enslaved man became a Civil War hero by commandeering a Confederate ship, the Planter, and delivering it to Union forces, later serving as a U.S. Congressman from South Carolina.
Robert Smalls
This American writer and activist is best known for her book A Century of Dishonor, which exposed the U.S. government's mistreatment of Native Americans and advocated for reform.
Helen Hunt Jackson
This U.S. general led the American Expeditionary Forces to victory in World War I, famously saying, "Lafayette, we are here!" in honor of French support.
John J. Pershing
This African American educator and leader founded the Tuskegee Institute and advocated for vocational training and economic self-reliance for African Americans.
Booker T. Washington
This African American journalist and activist was a leading anti-lynching campaigner and co-founder of the NAACP, dedicating her life to racial justice and women's rights.
Ida B. Wells
In 1870, this minister and educator became the first African American to serve in the United States Senate, representing Mississippi during Reconstruction.
Hiram Revels
This 1887 law aimed to assimilate Native Americans by dividing tribal lands into individual plots and offering citizenship to those who adopted farming practices.
the Dawes Act?
This international organization, proposed by Woodrow Wilson after World War I, aimed to maintain peace and prevent future conflicts but was weakened by the U.S. Senate's refusal to join.
the League of Nations
This African American scholar and co-founder of the NAACP was a vocal advocate for political and civil rights, opposing Booker T. Washington’s focus on vocational training.
WEB DuBois
This author exposed the unsanitary and dangerous working conditions in the meatpacking industry through his novel The Jungle, leading to reforms such as the Meat Inspection Act of 1906.
Upton Sinclair
This 19th U.S. president ended Reconstruction in 1877 through the controversial Compromise of 1877, which secured his election but withdrew federal troops from the South.
Rutherford B. Hayes
This religious movement among Native American tribes, particularly the Lakota, was believed to restore Native lands and culture, leading to the Wounded Knee Massacre in 1890.
the Ghost Dance
This 1919 treaty officially ended World War I, imposing heavy reparations and territorial losses on Germany, and setting the stage for future global tensions.
Treaty of Versailles
This 1890 law provided federal funding for the establishment of colleges in states, specifically aimed at supporting accessible/affordable institutions of higher education.
Morrill Act
This photographer's powerful images of child labor in the early 20th century helped raise awareness and push for labor reforms in the United States.
Lewis Hine