Mitosis
What is the purpose of mitosis?
The purpose of mitosis is for cells to divide and create copies of themselves
Where would one expect to find a seed that germinates in the cold?
temperate zone
What is the primary function of the cortex?
Storage
What is the purpose of photosynthesis?
capture light energy and transfer to high energy organic molecules to produce glucose
What would allow a 0.00001 lb seed to grow into a 3,820,000 lb tree?
carbon dioxide
How does the apical meristem grow?
Mitosis- undifferentiated cells give rise to new cells and differentiation occurs
Where would the apical meristem be found once a seed starts to develop?
tip of root and stem
What section of apical meristem would root hairs fall under?
epidermis
How can the rate of photosynthesis be measured?
oxygen production, glucose production, carbon dioxide consumption
What are three events that caused carbon dioxide levels in the air to rise?
expansion of human deforestation, industrial revolution, modern industry fossil fuel boom
What allows chromosomes to be pulled during anaphase? Where are they pulled to?
Microtubules and spindle fibers allow chromosomes to be pulled to opposite poles during anaphase
What does the plumule of a bean become? What does the radicle of a bean come?
plumule: true leaves
radicle: roots
What is the casporian strip? Where can it be found?
waxy layer of cell wall that controls movement of water into the vascular tissue and is found in the endodermis
What about the thylakoid makes it an ideal location for light dependent reactions to happen?
The thylakoid contains pigment centers where light can be captured
Who contributed to evidence that gases regulate atmospheric temperature?
Joseph Fourier, John Tyndall, David Keeling, Andrea Dutton
The nucleus dissolves
What causes seeds to be considered dormant?
very slow respiration, 5-20% water
What makes up the procambium? What is the function of each part?
Xylem: water and mineral movement
Phloem: carbohydrate movement
What is the role of rubisco?
Rubisco is used to capture CO2 out of the air and fix it to organic molecules. The carbon dioxide is used during the Calvin cycle of photosynthesis.
Vegetation food products produce less carbon dioxide than animal food products. By not eating food that causes carbon dioxide to be released, less will end up in the atmosphere. Carbon dioxide is a greenhouse gas, so it captures heat and causes global warming.
Describe what happens to the chromosomes throughout the phases of mitosis
Interphase: chromosomes decondense
Prophase: chromosomes condense
Metaphase: condensed chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell
Anaphase: chromosomes are pulled apart to the poles
Telophase: Chromosomes. decondense
What is the germination sequence?
imbibition of water, activation of cell enzymes, division and enlargement of root meristematic cells, emergence of radicle
What is the layer of slime excreted at the root-cap? What purpose does is serve? What organelles will its cells contain a lot of?
It is mucigel. It prevents desiccation, abrasion, and microbial protection. Many golgi bodies will be found in the cells of mucigel.
How are the light dependent reactions and Calvin cycle linked?
NADPH and ATP produced during LDR are used to reduce carbon in the Calvin cycle. Once they reduce carbon, they are converted back to NADP and ADP to be reused in LDR.
If pH is higher in the day time and lower in the night time, what can be said about photosynthesis and respiration?
Photosynthesis causes pH to rise while respiration causes pH to fall. Photosynthesis has a higher rate during the day than respiration.