Clinical Correlation
Trigeminal N. impairment
loss of sensation in the face, difficulty with chewing and opening/closing the mouth
Muscle that allows you to kiss
orbicularis oris
Ligaments of TMJ; are they which are extra or intracapsular
medial and lateral collateral ligaments blend with capsule
stylomandibular and sphenomandibular ligaments are extracapsular
Innervation of facial expression muscles.
Facial N. CN 7
Muscles responsible for Down and Out eye movement.
abduct: lateral rectus
depress: superior oblique
intorsion: superior rectus
*oculomotor n impaired
Facial n. impairment
unilateral face drooping, inability to taste (anterior 2/3 of tongue), facial weakness
Muscle that allows for smiling.
zygomaticus major and minor
Motion of the TMJ
1st motion the mandible and lower joint space spin and rotates
2nd motion the whole joint translates anterior
What muscles attachment to the mastoid process?
Digastric (posterior belly)
Splenius Capitis
Longissimus Capitis
SCM
Muscles responsible for Up and Out
abduct: lateral rectus
elevate: inferior oblique
extorsion: inferior rectus
*trochlear n impaired
Trochlear n. impairment of the eye
impaired trochlear n could have "up and out" or tilted head due to torsional diplopia or vertical diplopia (double vision)
orbicularis oculi
TMJ movement
elevation: temporalis, masseter and medial pterygoid
depression: digastric, lateral pterygoids, infrahyoids and suprahyoids
protrusion: lateral & medial pterygoids, masseter
retrusion: temporalis & masseter
lateral mvmt: temporalis of same side, pterygoids of opposite side and masseter
What muscles attach to the nuchal line?
Semispinalis Capitis
Trapezius
SCM
Obliques Capitis Superior
Rectus Capitis Posterior Major
Rectus Capitis Posterior Minor
What happens when the abducens nerve is impaired.
eye is stuck in adduction
*abducens supplies motor to lateral rectus
Hypoglossal n. impairment
dysphagia, dysarthria, inability to protrude tongue (deviated towards affected side)
Muscle that allows for pouting with lip pulled down
mentalis
Maxillary artery sections
1st: mandibular
2nd: pterygoid
3rd: pterygopalatine
Risorius Action
part of dilators of mouth, depresses labial commissure and bilaterally to frown
Superior Oblique mm action and innervation
abduct, depress and medially rotate; innervated by trochlear nerve (CN 4)
Patient has difficulty swallowing, elevating/retracting shoulder and rotating neck
spinal accessory n
Muscle that allows for cheeks to be filled with air.
Most common TMJ disorder and cause; 2nd most common?
internal derangement; caused by laxity, mm imbalance, trauma or grinding teeth
degenerative joint disease, developmental anomalies, trauma, arthritis
Action of Infrahyoids and Suprahyoids
infrahyoids: depress hyoid and aid in speech and swallowing
suprahyoids: elevate and pull hyoid to aid in speech and swallowing
Name the three disorders of the visual field and where they occur.
Monocular Vision Loss: optic nerve severed in one eye. One eye has vision loss.
Bitemporal Hemianopia: optic chiasm cut down the middle. Peripheral visual loss on both eyes.
Contralateral Homonymous Hemianopia: optic tract cut. Visual loss on side of each eye where the cut was. EX: right tract cut, right side of both eyes will be lost